Drugs

Question 1

What is heparin?

Answer 1

Anti-coagulant

Question 2

What is amiodarone used to treat?

Answer 2

Ventricular tachycardia

Question 3

What is bisoprolol?

Answer 3

Beta blocker

Question 4

What is nicorandil?

Answer 4

Potassium channel activator

Used in angina

Question 5

What is spironolactone?

Answer 5

Potassium sparing diuretic

Question 6

What is the 3rd line treatment of hypertension?

Answer 6

ACE-i/ARB + calcium channel blocker + thiazide like diuretic

Question 7

What do you need to monitor if you put a patient on spironolactone?

Answer 7

U&Es

Question 8

What drugs are involved in the treatment of angina?

Answer 8

GTN

Beta blockers

Calcium channel blockers

Potassium channel activators

Question 9

What type of diuretics do you use in elderly patients?

Answer 9

Thiazide like

Question 10

What does adenosine do?

Answer 10

Decreases heart rate and reduces conduction velocity at the AV node

Question 11

What is atropine used in the treatment of?

Answer 11

Bradycardia

Question 12

What is aspirin?

Answer 12

Anti-platelet

Question 13

When is aspirin used?

Answer 13

High risk patients following an MI/stroke

Angina

Peripheral vascular disease

Question 14

Name an anti-platelet

Answer 14

Aspirin

Question 15

What is warfarin?

Answer 15

Anti-coagulant

Question 16

What is rivaroxaban?

Answer 16

Anti-coagulant

Question 17

Name an anti-coagulant?

Answer 17

Warfarin

Heparin

Rivaroxaban

Apixaban

Question 18

When are anti-coagulants used?

Answer 18

AF

Question 19

What do beta blockers do?

Answer 19

Antagonise the sympathetic nervous system

Slow pulse by decreasing firing from the AV node

Question 20

What beta blocker is selective and what ‘does it select’?

Answer 20

Bisoprolol - Beta 1

Question 21

What is amiodarone used for?

Answer 21

Ventricular tachycardia or ventricular fibrillation

Question 22

What is bisoprolol?

Answer 22

Beta-1 receptor blocker

Question 23

Name unselective beta blocker

Answer 23

Propranolol

Question 24

What conditions require the use of beta blockers?

Answer 24

Angina

Hypertension

Post-MI (decreases mortality)

Antidysrhythmic

Heart failure (with caution)

Question 25

What is furosemide and what is it used for?

Answer 25

Loop diuretic Heart failure

Question 26

What is bendroflumathiazide and what is it used for?

Answer 26

Thiazide like diuretic (inhibit Na/Cl transporter) Hypertension

Question 27

What increases the risk of gout?

Answer 27

Thiazide like diuretics

Question 28

What is staphylococcus aureus more likley to respond to?

Answer 28

Flucloxacillin IV

Question 29

What is the investigation pathway in a patient who is suspected to have heart failure?

Answer 29

History Examination Chest X-ray ECG Echo-cardiogram

Question 30

What is treatment of heart failure?

Answer 30

Oxygen LOOP diuretics Nitrate Long term - beta blockers, ACE-i/ARB, spironolactone

Question 31

What is verapamil?

Answer 31

Voltage-activated Ca2+ channel blocker Slows conduction in SA and AV nodes Decreases the force of cardiac contraction

Question 32

What is amiodarone?

Answer 32

Voltage-activated K+ channel blocker Prolongs AP duration increasing refractory period

Question 33

Name a class I rhythm control drug

Answer 33

Flecainide

Question 34

Name a class II rate control drug

Answer 34

Atenolol

Question 35

Name a class II rhythm control drug

Answer 35

Amiodarone

Question 36

Name a class IV rate control drug

Answer 36

Verapamil

Question 37

What drugs can be used in supraventricular arrhythmias?

Answer 37

Adenosine Digoxin Verapamil

Question 38

What does adenosine do?

Answer 38

Used in paroxysmal tachycardia (atrial firing rate 140-250bpm) Opens K+ channels IV DRUG

Question 39

What does digoxin do?

Answer 39

Slows conduction and prolongs refractor period Used in AF

Question 40

What does verapamil do?

Answer 40

Blocks L-type voltage-activated Ca2+ channels Slows conduction and prolongs refractory period Used in AF and Atrial Flutter

Question 41

What drugs can be used to treat ventricular arryhthmias?

Answer 41

Lignocaine

Question 42

What is amiodarone used to treat?

Answer 42

SVT and VT and used after an MI However shouldn't be used longterm as can lead to: Pulmonary fibrosis Thyroid problems Peripheral neuropathy

Question 43

Name some antiplatelet drugs

Answer 43

Aspirin Clopidogrel

Question 44

Name some anticoagulants

Answer 44

Warfarin Rivaroxaban

Question 45

Name some fibrinolytics

Answer 45

Streptokinase

Question 46

What diuretic is used in heart failure?

Answer 46

Furosemide Loop

Question 47

What diuretic is used in hypertension?

Answer 47

Bendrofluazide Thiazide diuretics

Question 48

What can diuretics increase the risk of?

Answer 48

Gout Hyperglycaemia (in diabetics)

Question 49

Name a beta blocker used in angina, hypertension and heart failure

Answer 49

Atenolol - selective for Beta-1 receptors

Question 50

Name a beta blocker used in thyrotoxicosis

Answer 50

Propranolol

Question 51

What is amlodipine and what is it used in?

Answer 51

Dihydropyridine Hypertension and angina Can cause ankle oedema

Question 52

What is verapamil and what is it used in?

Answer 52

Hypertension and angina Also SVTs DON'T USE WITH BETA BLOCKERS

Question 53

When are alpha blockers used? Name one

Answer 53

Doxazosin Hypertension

Question 54

When are ACE-i used? Name one

Answer 54

Hypertension Heart failure Lisinopril

Question 55

When are angiotensin receptor blockers used? Name one

Answer 55

Losartan Hypertension Heart failure

Question 56

When are nitrates used?

Answer 56

Angina Acute heart failure

Question 57

When are antiplatelets used?

Answer 57

Angina Acute MI

Question 58

How is heparin administered?

Answer 58

IV

Question 59

What do fibrinolytic drugs do?

Answer 59

Dissolve formed clots

Question 60

What is the treatment for arrhythmias?

Answer 60

Amiodarone Beta Blockers Flecainide In SVT adenosine in acute phase

Question 61

If a patient is complaining of yellow vision, what drug have they been taking?

Answer 61

Digoxin