Drug action Flashcards
Absorption
movement of substance for site of administration across membranes to circulating fluids
Hepatic first-pass effect
drug entering enterally (GI system) is initially absorbed by hepatic portal circulation, taken to liver, which breaks down some/all drug and then passes from the liver-systemic circulation
Distribution
transportation and holding areas of drug in body until reaches its site of action
transport by bloodstream
Drug-drug interactions
when 2 drugs are administered that are both protein binding and compete for albumin sites
Metabolism
biological transformation
chemically converting a drug to a form more easily removed from the body
Acetylators
rate of sulfamethazine acetylation
breaking down sulfa drugs and other meds
Excretion
eliminating drugs from body
Onset
When the drug is absorbed and starts its therapeutic affects
(sustained release? extended release? eneric coated?)
Peak
highest concentration in the blood
Duration
how long the drug is in therapeutic range
Half Life
the time it takes for one half of the original amount of a drug in the body to be removed or eliminated
measure of the rate where drugs are removed from body
give drug more often if short half life
IVs have shorter half-life
Steady State
serum levels of a drug means that the amount of the drug eliminated is equal to the amount of the drug administered with each dose
usually takes 4-5 half lives
consistent levels of drug in the body to achieve the desired therapeutic affect
drug with long half life will take a long time to achieve this state
