dreams Flashcards
What are the effects for sleep deprivation?
-Weakened immune system; get sick faster
-heightened emotions
-less effective memory
-REM rebound; more REM next night, more susceptible to nightmares
Biological clock
Circadian cycles: sequence of behaviors and alertness during 24 hr period (dips and ups in alertness) works regardless of light and dark
How does the suprachiasmatic nucleus (SCN) relate?
Changes in light causes the SCN to signal the production or suppression of melatonin which makes you sleepy
The 90 minute sleep cycle
4-6 cycles each night
Stage 1 NREM
Still awake
-relaxed and begin to fall asleep
Time: lasts 5-20 min
-Drifting off-uneven heart rate, hallucinations, jerk and wake up
Stage 2 NREM
Theta waves
-Light sleeping
-where you spend most of your night
-Sleepspindles (random bursts of brain activity)
-sleep talking (can be in any stage)
Stage 3 NREM
Delta waves
-restorative period, how you get good sleep
-harder to wake up
Time: Lasts 30 mins
-Deepest stage of sleep
-night terrors, no memory of it
-release of growth hormones
REM
BETA waves
-similar to awake but body is paralyzed
Time: 15 min at the beginning, 45 min at end of cycle (so increase as night goes on)
-Rapid eye movement
-heart rate goes up
-breathing is irregular
-where you dream
-nightmares
-25 percent of average sleep
Insomnia
1 in 10 adults
Persistent problems in falling or staying asleep
Narcolepsy
1 in 2000; less common
Sudden attacks of overwhelming sleepiness regardless of how much you slept, usually lasts less than 5 mins
Sleep Apnea
1 in 20
Intermittently stop breathing during sleep- then waking up enough to snort in air for a few seconds, preventing slow-wave sleep (stage 3) not snoring
Night terrors
Primarily in children
Occurs during first few hours of sleep
Kids get up talk, scream and appear terrified- don’t remember it
Sleep paralysis
Body is paralyzed to prevent acting out the dream
Body does not realize you are awake and you stay paralyzed
REM Behavior disorder
lack of paralysis during REM stage. Causes people to act out their dream
-Not aware of surroundings, can fall out bed
Parasomnia
Skip stages and tries to go back to wake up
-involves unusual and undesirable physical events or experiences that disrupt your sleep
happens during stage 3
Freud’s Wish-Fulfillment Theory
Dreams are the fulfillment of wishes
-Do things you cannot do here in your dreams
-Dreams have hidden meaning from symbols that show up
Information-Processing
Dreams help us sort of the day’s event and consolidate recent memories
-Decides what info to store and toss, strengthens memories
Physiological Function
-Helps preserve neural pathways
-What you do in a dream strengthens those actions for use when awake
(If you run in your dream, you will run better in irl)
Activation-Synthesis
Random images that our brain makes into stories
Cognitive Development
Brain gives us problems to solve and figure out
-Dreams makes us better problem solves
What category is LSD in?
Hallucinogen
What category is Cocaine in?
Stimulant
What category is Alcohol in?
Depressant
What category is opiates in?
Depressant
