Dozois 5- Anxiety, Obsessive-Compulsive and Trauma-Related Disorders Flashcards
Is an affective state whereby an individual feels threatened by the potential occurrence of a future negative event
in general is future oriented
Anxiety
more primitive emotion and occurs in response to a real or perceived current threat.
Fear
behavioural response that elicits so named because it prompts a person or organism to either flee from a dangerous situation or stand and fight.
“fight or flight” response
very similar to fear, (extreme fear reaction that is triggered even though there is nothing to be afraid of - false alarm)
Panic
conditions that were not psychotic but have an emotional problem were labelled “neurotic” This term implied that the cause was presumed to be due to a disturbance in the central nervous system.
Neurosis
In the DSM-5 , anxiety- related disorders are categorized into three distinct chapter:
Anxiety disorders, Obsessive-Compulsive and Related Disorders, and trauma- and Stressor-Related Disorders
What are psychological Factors pertaining to the etiology of Anxiety disorders?
Behavioural, cognitive, interpersonal factors
most common of all the mental disorders
Anxiety Disorders
A sudden rush of intense fear or discomfort during which an individual experiences a number of physiological and psychological symptoms.
Panic attacks
Is anxiety about being in places or situations where an individual might find it difficult to escape or in which he or she would not have help readily available should a panic attack occur.
Agoraphobia “fear of the marketplace”
Includes a clinical interview, behavioral measurement, psychophysiological tests, and self-report
Idea assessment strategy
Behavioral assessment is also frequently used to assess avoidance severity
behavior avoidance test (BAT)
cognitive theories focus on the idea that individuals with panic disorder experience …
‘catastrophic misinterpretations’ of their bodily sensations (e.g., “i am going to have a heart attack”
Belief that the somatic symptoms related to anxiety will have negative consequences that extend beyond the panic episode itself
Anxiety sensitivity
specific fear, such as a fear of spiders, snakes, or lightning…have to be significant enough to interfere with our day-to-day activities
specific phobias
Criticism of the classical conditioning theory of fear (Watson and Rayner), is that it assumes that all neutral stimuli have an equal potential for becoming phobias known as
equipotentiality premise
Proposes that the process of evolution has endowed humans to respond fearfully to a select group of stimuli
nonassociative model
More likely to fear certain types of stimuli because of…
similar to nonassociative model, it is believed that represented threats to our species over the course of our evolutionary heritage.
However- unlike the nonassociative model, associative learning is still necessary to develop a phobia
biological preparedness
refers to the degree to which people are susceptible to being disgusted by a variety of stimuli such as certain bugs, types of food, and small animals.
Disgust sensitivity
fear of interacting with others in most social settings
social anxiety disorder
fear of specific social situations or activities (e.g., public speaking).
performance only social phobia
One of the most prevalent psychiatric disorders
social anxiety
refers to an individual’s discomfort with ambiguity and uncertainty.
Everyone has a different threshold for accepting and dealing with life’s uncertainties
People with GAD tend to have lower thresholds for these uncertainties, leading to anxiety and distress
Intolerance of uncertainty (IU)
Obsessive-compulsive and Related Disorders includes…
OCD (obsessive-compulsive disorder), body dysmorphic disorder( BDD), hoarding disorder, trichotillomania (hair-pulling disorder) and excoriation (skin-picking),
