Domain: Archaea

Question 1

Why are archaea called extremeophiles?

Answer 1

Because they can live in extreme conditions where nothing else can live - high heat, high methane, high sainity. Although not all archaea only live here.

Question 2

What do prokayotic decomposers do?

Answer 2

Break down inorganic material so that other organisms can use it.

Question 3

What are autotrophic prokaryotes?

Answer 3

Use photosynthesis to make own food, and then are taken up through the food chain

Question 4

What is Symbiosis?

Answer 4

A relationship where 2 species live in close contact to each other

Question 5

What is mutualism? Give example.

Answer 5

A relationship between 2 species that benefits both of them. eg. pollinating insects and plants. Plants get pollinated, insects get to eat

Question 6

What is Parasitism? Give example.

Answer 6

A relationship between 2 species in which one is harmed. eg. A tick and an animal. The tick can thrive and receives the nutrients it needs, and animal gets sick.

Question 7

What is an Exotoxin?

Answer 7

• protein that is excreted by prokaryote
• prokaryote does not need to be present
  eg. cholera

Question 8

What is an Endotoxin?

Answer 8

• lipopolysaccharide components of outer membrane of some gram-negative bacteria
• only released when bacteria die, and cell wall breaks down
  eg. salmonella causing typhoid fever

Question 9

3 human uses for prokaryotes

Answer 9

• bio-remediation -> use of organisms to remove pollutants from environment
• food/bev -> used in fermentation. eg -cheese, booze
• medical uses -> use of GMOs to manufacture drugs
• can be used in mining -> recovering metals from ore

Question 10

what are endo/exotoxins?

Answer 10

they are toxins that are released by pathogenic prokaryotes and cause disease