Domain 6: O&M Strategies and Skills

Question 1

environmental features used for orientation

Answer 1

slope
truncated domes
grassline
traffic sounds
sidewalk
landmark

Question 2

when teaching the use of directions related to the sun, what must the learner know?

Answer 2

cardinal directions

Question 3

how might a learner maintain line of travel after a veer?

Answer 3

curb cut
apex of the road
sound of traffic

Question 4

landmark

Answer 4

familiar object, sound, odor or tactual clue that is easily recognized

truncated domes, stairs

Question 5

primary landmark

Answer 5

always present in environment

change in surface that spans the length of the sidewalk

Question 6

secondary landmark

Answer 6

always present in environment but may be missed in travel due to path

Question 7

point of info

Answer 7

perceived senses (smell, touch, visual) that can be used by the learner to determine direction and position

Question 8

cognitive map

Answer 8

ability to develop a mental image of a physical space, specific location, or directional information

Question 9

spatial updating

Answer 9

ability to keep track of one’s location and changes in the distance and direction in relation to other environmental features while moving

Question 10

route level cognitive map

Answer 10

egocentric frame of reference
directions and distances to all fixed objects in the room

Question 11

survey level cognitive map

Answer 11

allocentric frame of reference
higher level

Question 12

four different routes

Answer 12

I, L, U, Z

Question 13

sources of information for a learner when planning a route

Answer 13

route descriptions
tactile town
large print/tactile or both
digital images (GPS)

Question 14

specific concepts and skills required for learners to read maps

Answer 14

symbols represent real objects

directions on a map correspond to directions in space

Question 15

compass directions efficient

Answer 15

constant

allow learner to relate to the distance in the environment

learner can relate to environmental concepts

Question 16

4 strategies used with compass directions

Answer 16

never eat soggy waffles

incorporate into motor activities

teaching map basics

independent route planning

Question 17

steps in problem solving process

Answer 17

identify problem

identify alternative strategies for solving problem

select strategy an implement

evaluate effectiveness of strategy

Question 18

what indoor strategies should a learner use to establish line of travel?

Answer 18

perpendicular
parallel

Question 19

under what conditions would an O&Mi implement a drop off lesson

Answer 19

student is proficient in all other o&M techniques and skills

student has an understanding of the environment the drop off will take place

Question 20

why is a drop off lesson productive

Answer 20

gives students practice on if they get disoriented

useful in teaching to gather information and test hypothesis

Question 21

object to object

Answer 21

allocentric

survey level spatial knowledge

Question 22

self to object

Answer 22

egocentric

information perceived from the learners location

Question 23

egocentric

Answer 23

info perceived, remembered and acted upon based on the subjects location

Question 24

topocentric

Answer 24

information about locations of landmarks

Question 25

cartographic

Answer 25

location of places related to a patterns (number system, grid pattern, building shape)

Question 26

polarcentric

Answer 26

use of compass directions to gain knowledge of location

Question 27

techniques of self familiarization

Answer 27

perimeter pattern
gridline
reference point

Question 28

techniques of self familiarization (outside)

Answer 28

exploring sidewalk along perpendicular and parallel street

use cane

solicit assistance

Question 29

technology used for self familiarization

Answer 29

GPS
Trekker Breeze
iPhone apps

Question 30

OCS -Guide dog

Answer 30

O-orientation

C- Coaching

S- Solo

Question 31

where is the best place to stand when orienting a guide dog’s traveler

Answer 31

behind handlers right shoulder