Domain 2 - Relevant Medical Info

Question 1

Orbit

Answer 1

houses the eyeball

7 bones

contains eyeball, muscles, blood supply, nerves and fat

Question 2

Conjunctiva

Answer 2

membrane between the eye and the eyelid

anterior part of the sclera

contains fold that allow the eye to move

keeps cornea moist and clean

Question 3

Sclera

Answer 3

white part of the eye

forms protective coat around the back of the eye and cornea

Question 4

Cornea

Answer 4

window of the eye, clear

focuses light on the retina

no blood vessels

strongest refracting medium of the eye

Question 5

Iris

Answer 5

colored part of the eye

behind cornea, in front of lens

Question 6

ciliary muscle

Answer 6

aqueous humor

located above and below the lens

controls lens accommodation and pressure

Question 7

chorid

Answer 7

-blood supply and circulation
-vascular layer of the eye
-nourishes outer layer of retina

Question 8

retina

Answer 8

photosensitive film located in the back of the eye

sensory layer of the eye that translates light rays into electrical signals to be sent to the brain

between choroid and vitreous

Question 9

lens

Answer 9

responsible for fine tuning

transparent

grows less elastic with age

second strongest refractive medium in the eye to bend light

Question 10

optic nerve

Answer 10

extension of the brain

second cranial nerve

carries impulses from the retina to the brain

Question 11

optic chaism

Answer 11

where images come together and cross over into the optic tract

Question 12

occipital lobe

Answer 12

where optic radiations are spread through the visual cortex

Question 13

temporal lobes

Answer 13

contain vision conducting pathways to the occipital lobes

Question 14

posterior parietal lobes

Answer 14

upper mid part of each cerebral hemisphere in the brain, responsible for body sensation

Question 15

macular degeneration

Answer 15

leading cause of vision loss and blindness for 65+

dry and wet (dry is more common)

loss of central vision

loss of color vision

dark area blocks out center

Question 16

RP

Answer 16

hereditary retinal disease

destroys light sensing cells in the retina

low light environments are problematic

tunnel viison

Question 17

ROP

Answer 17

premature babies

too little or too much oxygen in utero can cause this condition

eye continues to grow and retina pulls away from blood supply

blur and glare

Question 18

Glaucoma

Answer 18

typically affects those 40+

slow, painless, undetectable

drainage canal of the eye is blocked over time

peripheral vision lost first

Question 19

diabetic retinopathy

Answer 19

excessive glucose destroys blood vessels in the eye

scotomas

leaky blood causes blurred vision

central and peripheral loss

Question 20

CVI

Answer 20

visual pathway in tact

brain does not interpret what the eyes are seeing

leading cause of visual impairment in children

Question 21

optic nerve hypoplasia

Answer 21

abnormal development of the optic nerve

nystagmus

photophobia

variable field loss

Question 22

rod/cone dystrophy

Answer 22

progressive degeneration

night blindness

loss of color and central vision

Question 23

retinoblastoma

Answer 23

malignant tumor that develops from retina to vision cells

Question 24

refractive error

Answer 24

focus with eye is not brought to the retina

myopia (nearsightedness)

minus lens, concave lens corrects

power of lens is too strong

Question 25

hyperopia

Answer 25

farsightedness

convex lens corrects

power of lens is too weak

Question 26

astigmatism

Answer 26

refractive error due to differences in curvature

Question 27

presbiopia

Answer 27

old eyes

Question 28

emmetriopia

Answer 28

normal eye

Question 29

ametropia

Answer 29

refractive error

Question 30

OU

Answer 30

both eyes

Question 31

OD

Answer 31

right eye

Question 32

OS

Answer 32

left eye

Question 33

frequency

Answer 33

pitch

number of vibrations that occur at the same rate

Question 34

X air conduction

Answer 34

left ear

Question 35

O air conduction

Answer 35

right ear

Question 36

< bone conduction

Answer 36

right ear

Question 37

> bone conduction

Answer 37

left ear

Question 38

conductive hearing loss

Answer 38

best ear focus on traffic

decrease environmental clutter in intersections

Question 39

sensorineural and mixed hearing loss (what to use)

Answer 39

use amplification equipment

Question 40

eye diseases associated with: diabetes

Answer 40

diabetic retinopathy

glaucoma

cataracts

Question 41

considerations for O&M (diabetes)

Answer 41

neuropathy flare ups

glucose level indicators

medical plans

blood sugar fluctuations

Question 42

eye diseases associated with AIDS

Answer 42

uveitis

CNS infection

toxoplasmosis

HIV retinopathy

Question 43

considerations for instruction (AIDS)

Answer 43

good hygiene

be flexible with present endurance levels

Question 44

seizure disorder

Answer 44

record keeping of “events”

be prepared

contact person

Question 45

high blood pressure

Answer 45

cardiovascular endurance levels

bathroom breaks

shorter routes

Question 46

heart condition

Answer 46

know CPR

shorter routes

Question 47

Asthma

Answer 47

condition may fluctuate

have inhaler

emergency contact

Question 48

how would you respond to a diabetic situation on an O&M lesson? (hypoglycemic/hypoglycemic)

Answer 48

have student sit in reclined chair

stay with student

give glucose

rest

call emergency contact