DNA Structure Flashcards
What does DNA stand for?
deoxyribonucleic acid
What is the name of the protein that coils DNA?
histones
What are the names of the bases?
(A) Adenine
(T) Thymine
(G) Guanine
(C) Cytosine
What is the DNA strand made up of ?
repeating units called Nucleotides
bases joined together by hydrogen bonds
have double helix structure
What is a nucleotide?
phosphate group , sugar and bases
Which bases are purines?
adenine
guanine
Which bases are pyrimidines?
thymine
cytosine
Who discovered the double helix structure?
Watson , Crick and Franklin
Genes
codes to make protein
Triplet /Codon
3 DNA bases
DNA Replication
double helix unwinds ,enzyme breaks bonds ,strands separate
DNA bases from cytoplasm attach to complementary bases on DNA strands
Two strands formed
DNA polymerase
DNA Profiling
method if making a pattern of bands from the DNA of a person
How to prepare a profile?
isolate from persons cell
cut into fragments by restriction enzymes
separated according to size by gel electrolysis
analyzed
Uses of DNA profiling
Determine parents of child
See if person was an crime scene
What is genetic screening?
testing a person’s DNA for the presence or absence of a particular gene
