Chapter 31 : Human Breathing

Question 1

Two ways respiratory system protects itself from infection

Answer 1

Nose: has mucus and hairs to filter and trap dirt/bacteria

Skin: barrier for protection

Question 2

Adaptations of the alveoli

Answer 2

Thin walls
Millions of them (large surface area)
Capillaries have thin walls
Lungs have rich blood supply

Question 3

Explain Inhalation(active process)

Answer 3

1. Brain sends message to the muscles to contract (diaphragm & intercoastal)
2. Diaphragm moves down & ribs move up and out
3. Volume of chest thoracic cavity increases
4. Pressure in the cavity decrease.
5. Air moves into lungs to fill chest cavity

Question 4

Explain Exhalation (passive process)

Answer 4

1. Diaphragm & intercoastal relax
2. Diaphragm moves up & ribs move out
3. Volume of chest thoracic cavity decreases
4. Pressure in the cavity increase.
5. Air forced out through mouth and nose

Question 5

Breathing System Disorder

Answer 5

Asthma
Cause: dust ,exercise ,stress ,pollen ,smoke

Treatment: Inhalers widen airways to reduce inflammation

Symptoms: breathless, wheezing, gasping