Chapter 26 & 27:The Circulatory System Flashcards
What is the pulmonary circuit?
pumps blood to the head, trunk and limbs and back to the heart
What is the systematic circuit?
pumps blood to the lungs and back
Portal system
is a blood pathway that begins and ends in the capillaries
How does the heart supply blood to the heart wall through Coronary arteries and Cardiac veins?
Vena Cava carries deoxygenated blood from the body to the right aria.
Blood goes from right aria to pulmonary artery to right ventricle to lungs.
Capillaries oxygenate the blood and take carbon dioxide.
Pulmonary vein brings blood from lungs to left aria to left ventricle to aorta.
Aorta carries blood to rest of body
Pulse
the alternate expansion and contraction of arteries.
Blood pressure
the force exerted by the blood against the walls of the blood vessel
Effect of exercise on the circulatory system
Strengthens the heartbeat
Increases ability to transport oxygen
Effect of diet on the circulatory system
High intake of fat causes a build up of cholesterol
High salt intake
Effect of smoking on the circulatory system
Nicotine increases heart rate and pressure
Carbon Dioxide reduce the of oxygen carried around
How does the heartbeat work?
Heartbeat is being controlled by the pacemaker (SA node) in the right atrium wall which sends out signals causing the heart muscle to contract:
- SA node in right atrium wall emits an electrical signal
- Aria contracts
- Signal picked up by the AV node
- AV node sends signal to ventricle
- Ventricles contract
What is the function of plasma?
transport substances around the body
What is the function of red blood cells?
transport oxygen
What is the function of white blood cells?
defense against antigens and pathogens
What is the function of platelets?
clot blood
What are monocytes?
digest and engulf pathogens.
They then display the antigen on their surface to stimulate the production of antibodies.
