DNA 🧬 Flashcards
What is dna
DNA is made up of two strands of nucleotides joined together by bases.
When this structure is twisted it forms a double helix
What are the names of the four bases
Adenine Guanine Cytosine Thymine
Which pairs of bases always pair up together
A - T
C - G
What is the way of pairing up the bases known as
Complimentary base pairing
How many hydrogen bonds are there between cytosine and guanine
3
How many hydrogen bonds are there between adenine and thymine
2
What is hydrogen bonding
Parts of the dna bases gave a slight electrical charge
A positive part of one base attracts to a negative part of another
This forms a weak force of attraction called a hydrogen bond
What are the small units that make up dna called
Nucleotides which are joined up together to form a polymer
What is a nucleotide made up from
A base, a deoxyribose sugar and a phosphate group
What are the 2 stages in which dna stores the genetic code for building proteins
Transcription and translation
What does RNA stand for
Ribonucleic acid
What is RNA
A single strand of the dna
What happens in transcription
The dna bases are used to make a strand of RNA, occurs in the nucleus
What is RNA polymerase
An enzyme that unzips the dna
What is the non coding binding site
An area that does not contain code for protein