Diuretics

Question 0

Acetazolamide

Answer 0

Decreases secretion of aqueous increases respiration for metacid.
Used in glaucoma, mountain sickness, edema with alkalosis
Dorzolamide, brinzolamide, dichlorphenamide, methazolamide

Question 1

Carbonic anhydrase inhibitors

Answer 1

Works on proximal convoluted tubules
Isosmotic reabsorption of AA, GLUC, 60-70% NaCl and NaHCO3
Uric acid transport
ACETAZOLAMIDE

Question 2

Loop diuretics

Answer 2

Work on thick ascending loop of henle.
NaCl reab through nak2cl transporter.
Calcium and magnesium reabsorption.
NSAIDs decrease efficacy

Question 3

Furosemide

Answer 3

Bumetanide, Torsemide, ethacrynic acid

Question 4

Loop diuretic toxicities

Answer 4

OH DANG!!!

Ototoxicity, Hypokalemia, Dehydration, Allergy to sulfa, Nephritis, Gout

Question 5

Thiazides

Answer 5

Work on distal convoluted tubule.
Calcium absorption under the influence of parathyroid hormone.
Hydrochlorothiazide, chlorthalidone, indapamide, metolazone

Question 6

Potassium sparing diuretics

Answer 6

Works on cortical collecting duct. Last tubular site of na absorption
Under influence of aldosterone .
Acidification of the urine by ammonium chloride

Question 7

K sparing drugs

Answer 7

The K STAEs

spirinolactone, triamterene, Amiloride, Epelerenone

Question 8

Drugs that cause gynecomastia

Answer 8

Some Drugs Create Awesome Knockers

Soirinolactone, Digoxin, Cimetidine, Alcohol, Ketoconazole

Question 9

Amiloride/triamterene

Answer 9

Na blocker, inhibits ENAC cells in CCD reduces Na absorption and K secretion

Question 10

Spirinolactone/Epelerenone

Answer 10

Aldosterone antagonist reduces K excretion.

Epelerenone reduces progression of DM nephropathy and reduces postMI mortality

Question 11

Osmotic diuretics

Answer 11

Remains in lumen and holds in water.

Reduced water reab in descending limb of LOH and collecting tubule

Question 12

Osmotic diuretic drugs

Answer 12

Mannitol, glycerin, isosorbide, urea.
Used in rhabdomyolysis, hemolysis, increased ICP.
Do not use if with heart failure or pulmonary edema

Question 13

ADH agonist,

Answer 13

Water reab in medullary collecting duct occurs under control of ADH/Desmopressin
V1V2 ADH receptor agonist. Insertion of aquaporin water channels.
Use in vWd, hemophilia

Question 14

ADH antagonist

Answer 14

Conivaptan, tolvaptan, lixivaptan, demeclocycline, lithium
Used in SIADH
WOF central pontine myelinolysis