Distal limb

Question 1

Label the joints

Answer 1

Question 2

What is the light orange tendon

Answer 2

Common digital extensor:
Main extensor of digits
Receives branches from suspensory ligament (interosseus) (green)

Question 3

What is the dark orange tendon

Answer 3

Lateral digital extensor:
Lateral to common digital extensor

Question 4

What is the bright red tendon

Answer 4

Long digital extensor:
Main digital extensor of hindlimb
Receives slip from interosseus ligament (blue)

Question 5

What is the dark red tendon

Answer 5

Lateral digital extensor

Question 6

What are the flexor tendons of digits

Answer 6

Located on palmar aspect

Superficial digital flexor tendon:
Subcutaneous & palpable
Forms sleeve around DDFT at level of proximal sesamoids (manica flexoria)
Flexes proximal & middle phalangeal joints & stabilises fetlock joint

Deep digital flexor tendon:
Runs deep to SDFT
Passes through manica flexoria

Question 7

Label the tendons

Answer 7

Question 8

Fill in the table for distal forelimb

Answer 8

Question 9

Describe innervation of distal hindlimb

Answer 9

Tibial – muscular supply to extensors of hock & flexors of digits

Fibular – muscular supply to flexors of hock & extensors of digits

Question 10

What nerve block is this

Answer 10

Palmar digital nerve block:

Palmar digital nerves in pastern region

Desensitises hoof structures other than dorsal coronary band

Question 11

What nerve block is this

Answer 11

Abaxial sesamoid nerve block:

Palmar digital nerves on abaxial surface of proximal sesamoid bones

Desensitises digit & caudal fetlock joint

Question 12

Label the bovine distal limb

Answer 12

Question 13

Label the equine distal limb

Answer 13

Question 14

Label the bovine distal limb

Answer 14

Question 15

Label the equine distal forelimb

Answer 15

Question 16

Label the bovine distal limb

Answer 16

Question 17

Label the image

Answer 17

Question 18

Label the image

Answer 18

1. Carpal pad
2. Metacarpal pad
3. Digital pads
   Arrow. Dew claw

Question 19

Label the image

Answer 19

Question 20

Label the image

Answer 20

Question 21

Label the image

Answer 21

Lameness usually in hindlimb & lateral claw

Question 22

Label the image

Answer 22

Question 23

Label the image

Answer 23

Question 24

What are the parts of a ruminant claw

Answer 24

Dermis:
Living tissue
Blood vessels
Nerves
Role: supply

Epidermis:
Inner part = living cells that produce horn
Outer part = dead horn
Role: horn formation

Question 25

Label the diagram

Answer 25

1. Coronary papillae
2. Dermal lamellae
3. Solar papillae

Question 26

Describe footrot in sheep

Answer 26

Caused by Dichelobacter nodous

Interdigital dermatitis caused by various bacteria that invade surface layers of skin between claws

Initially develops as scald & then under-running of hoof horn & characteristic smell

Infection can spread between sheep that walk on same surface

Treated with antibiotic injections & spray

Fusobacterium necrophorum causes scald