Axial skeleton

Question 1

What are the types of bones & joints in head & vertebral column

Answer 1

Bones:
Roof of cranium is membranous bone
Base of skull is primordial bone
Middle layer has reduced spongiosa & is called diploe = weight saving construction

Joints:

Fibrous
Sutures between flat bones of skull
e.g. intermandibular symphysis

Synovial
e.g. temporo-mandibular joint, hyoid apparatus & atlantooccipital joint

Question 2

Label the bones

Answer 2

Question 3

Label the regions of the spine

Answer 3

Question 4

Label the vertebrae & identify features

Answer 4

Cervical: small dorsal spinous process & transverse process present

Thoracic: large dorsal spinous process, no transverse process & articulation for ribs

Lumbar: dorsal spinous process & transverse process present

Sacrum: fused vertebral bodies, dorsal spinous process present

Coccygeal: no vertebral canal, reducing features