Dissociative and Somatoform Disorders Flashcards
What is dissociative identity disorder?
When a person has two or more distinct or alternate personalities
How is dissociative identity disorder controversial?
Considered rare
The existence of the disorder is debated
Possibly not a distinct disorder but a form or role playing
What is dissociative amnesia?
Person experiences memory losses in the absence of any identifiable organic cause
General knowledge and skills are usually retained
Forget trauma but this is reversible
What is malingering?
Faking illness to avoid or escape work or other duties or to obtain benefits
Falsely claiming amnesia as a way of escaping responsibility
What is depersonalization?
Feelings of unreality or detachment from one’s self or one’s body as if a robot or observing oneself from outside
What is derealization?
Episodes feature the sense that one’s surroundings have become strange or unreal
What is depersonalization/derealization disorder?
Disorder characterized by persistent or recurrent episodes of depersonalization
Can distinguish reality from unreality
Out of body experience
What is the psychodynamic perspective of dissociative disorders?
Involves the massive use of repression
The ego protects itself from anxiety by blotting out disturbing memories or by dissociating threatening impulses of a sexual or aggressive nature
What are the learning and cognitive view of dissociative disorders?
Not thinking about these mattes is negatively reinforced by relief from anxiety or removal of feelings of guilt or shame
According to the diathesis-stress model, what makes an individual more likely to experience dissociative disorder?
Proneness to fantasize
High ability to be hypnotized
What does psychoanalysis try to achieve in regards to dissociate disorder?
Uncovering early childhood traumas
What does CBT try to achieve in regards to dissociative disorders?
Uncovering maladaptive cognitions
Are recovered memories believable?
Evidence suggests we are susceptible to suggestibility and probing
Our memories are constructivist in nature
What are somatic symptoms and related disorders?
Disorders in which people complain of physical problems although no physical abnormality can be found
What is conversion disorder
Functional neurological symptom disorder
Characterized by symptoms or deficits that affect the ability to control voluntary movements
What are the classic symptoms of conversion disorder?
Paralysis Epilepsy Problems in coordination Blindness and tunnel vision Loss of hearing, smell, or feeling of a limb
What is illness anxiety disorder?
Characterized by a preoccupation with the fear that one has a serious medical illness, but no medical basis for the complaints can be found
What are the two subtypes of illness anxiety disorder?
Care-avoidant
Care-seeking
What is the care-avoidant subtype?
People who avoid medical visits because of high levels of anxiety about what might be discovered
What is the care-seeking subtype?
People who jump from doctor to doctor in the hope of finding the medical professional to confirm their fears
What is somatic symptom disorder?
Disorder involving one or more somatic symptoms that cause excessive concern
What is a factitious disorder?
Characterized by the intentional fabrication of psychological or physical symptoms for no apparent gain
What are the two subtypes of factitious disorder?
Factitious disorder on self
Factitious disorder imposed on another
What is Munchausen syndrome?
Person fakes being ill or makes themselves ill
