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MSK- Anatomy > Dissection 7/8- Foot > Flashcards

Dissection 7/8- Foot Flashcards

1
Q

What type of joint is the subtalar joint? What movements does this allow?

A
  • Synovial plane joint

- Inversion and eversion of the foot

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2
Q

Which two joints combine to form the midtalar joint?

A
  • Talocalcaneonavicular Joint

- Calcaneocubiod Joint

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3
Q

What type of joint is the talocalcaneonavicular joint?

A

Synovial ball and socket

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4
Q

What type of joint is the calcaneocuboid joint?

A

Synovial plane joint

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5
Q

What are the main movements of the midtalar joint?

A
  • Inversion
  • Eversion
  • Circumduction
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6
Q

Inversion of the foot is produced by which muscles via which nerves?

A

Tibialis anterior and tibialis posterior via the tibial/deep fibular nerves

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7
Q

Eversion of the foot is produced by which muscles via which nerves?

A

Fibularis muscles via the superficial and deep fibular nerves

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8
Q

What type of joint are the tarsometatarsal joints?

A

Synovial plane joints

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9
Q

What movement do the tarsometatarsal joints allow?

A

Gliding/sliding movements between the cuneiforms/cuboid and the metatarsals

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10
Q

What movements do the matatarsophalangeal joints allow?

A

Flexion, extension, abduction, adduction and circumduction of the digits

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11
Q

What type of joint are the interphalangeal joints? What movements do they allow?

A

Synovial hinge joints

Flexion and extension of the toes

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12
Q

How many tarsals/metatarsals/phalanges are found in the foot?

A
  • 7 tarsals
  • 5 metatarsals
  • 14 phalanges
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13
Q

What bones form the hind foot?

A

Talus and calcaneus

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14
Q

What bones form the mid foot?

A

Navicular, cuboid and cuneiforms

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15
Q

What bones for the forefoot?

A

Metatarsals and phalanges

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16
Q

The deep fascia on the dorsum of the foot is continuous with what?

A

Inferior extensor retinaculum

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17
Q

What is the deep fascia of the sole of the foot?

A

Plantar fascia

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18
Q

What is the thick central part of the plantar fascia known as?

A

Plantar aponeurosis

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19
Q

What is the function of the plantar fascia?

A

Supports the longitudinal arches of the foot

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20
Q

Which bone does the plantar aponeurosis arise from? Where does it pass to?

A
  • Arises from calcaneus

- Divides into 5 bands and passes to the toes

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21
Q

Give three functions of the arches of the feet.

A
  • Shock absorption
  • Push off in walking function
  • Increased weight bearing capacity to the whole foot
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22
Q

What two structures support the arches of the foot?

A
  • Plantar fascia

- Plantar ligaments

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23
Q

Which arch of the foot is split into medial and lateral parts?

A

Longitudinal arch

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24
Q

Which of the two longitudinal arches is higher and more important?

A

Medial

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25
Q

What bones is the medial longitudinal arch of the foot composed of?

A
  • Calcaneus
  • Talus
  • Navicular
  • 3 Cuneiforms
  • 1st-3rd Metatarsals
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26
Q

What structure is the keystone of the medial longitudinal arch?

A

Talar head

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27
Q

Which muscles (via their tendons) help to support the medial longitudinal arch?

A
  • Tibialis anterior
  • Tibialis posterior
  • Fibulas longus
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28
Q

The fibulas longus tendon passes in what direction?

A

Lateral to medial

29
Q

Which arch of the foot rests on the ground when standing?

A

Lateral longitudinal arch

30
Q

What bones is the lateral longitudinal arch of the foot composed of?

A
  • Calcaneus
  • Cuboid
  • 4th and 5th Metatarsals
31
Q

What bones is the transverse arch of the foot composed of?

A
  • Cuboid
  • Cuneiforms
  • Bases of all 5 metatarsals
32
Q

The tendons of which two muscles cross the sole of the foot obliquely and help to maintain the curvature of the transverse arch?

A
  • Tibialis posterior

- Fibulas longus

33
Q

How many intrinsic muscles of the foot are there?

34
Q

How many of the intrinsic muscles of the foot are on the?a) plantar aspect

b) dorsal aspect
c) intermediate position

A

a) 14
b) 2
c) 4

35
Q

From the plantar aspect, muscles of the sole of the foot are arranged into how many layers/compartments?

36
Q

Do the plantar intrinsic muscles of the foot function individually or as a group?

37
Q

The interosseous muscles of the foot provide mainly what movements?

A

Flexion, adduction and abduction of the toes

38
Q

Plantar interossei muscles allow which movement?

A

Adduction of the toes

39
Q

Dorsal interossei muscles allow which movement?

A

Abduction of the toes

40
Q

What is the function of the intrinsic dorsal muscles of the foot? What are these known as?

A
  • Extensors of the toes

- Extensor hallucis brevis, extensor digitorum brevis

41
Q

What is the motor supply to the intrinsic muscles of the foot (with the exception of the 2 dorsal muscles)?

A

Tibial nerve- branched into medial and lateral plantar nerves

42
Q

What is the motor supply to the 2 intrinsic dorsal muscles of the foot?

A

Deep fibular nerve

43
Q

What is the main nerve supplying sensory function to the dorsum of the foot?

A

Superficial fibular nerve

44
Q

Which nerve supplies sensory function to the first interdigital cleft of the foot?

A

Deep fibular nerve

45
Q

Which nerve supplies sensory function to the proximal lateral border of the foot?

A

Sural nerve

46
Q

Which nerve supplies sensory function to the proximal medial border of the foot?

A

Saphenous nerve

47
Q

Which nerve supplies sensory function to the medial plantar surface of the foot?

A

Medial plantar nerve

48
Q

Which nerve supplies sensory function to the lateral plantar surface of the foot?

A

Lateral plantar nerve

49
Q

Branches of which nerve supply sensory function to most of the plantar aspect of the foot?

A

Tibial nerve

50
Q

Which nerve supplies sensory function to the heel? What is this a branch of?

A

Calcaneal branches of the tibial and sural nerves

51
Q

What are the main three arteries in the foot?

A
  • Dorsalis pedis
  • Medial plantar
  • Lateral plantar
52
Q

The dorsalis pedis artery is a branch of which artery?

A

Anterior tibial artery

53
Q

Where is the dorsalis pedis pulse taken?

A

Lateral to the extensor hallucinating longus tendon

54
Q

The dorsalis pedis branches to give what artery? This artery is found on which aspect of the foot?

A

Arcuate artery on the dorsal aspect of the foot

55
Q

The medial and lateral plantar arteries are branches of what artery?

A

Posterior tibial artery

56
Q

Both the medial and lateral plantar arteries contribute to what arterial network?

A

Deep plantar arch

57
Q

From the deep plantar arch and the arcuate artery arises what?

A

Metatarsal arteries

58
Q

What do the metatarsal arteries branch into?

A

Digital arteries

59
Q

How many digital arteries are there per toe?

60
Q

What gives rise to the great and small saphenous veins?

A

Dorsal venous arch

61
Q

Which of the great and small saphenous veins is located most medially?

A

Great saphenous vein

62
Q

Which of the great and small saphenous veins is located most laterally?

A

Small saphenous vein

63
Q

The deep veins of the foot drain into where?

A

Anterior/posterior tibial veins

Fibular veins

64
Q

Which are more common in the foot: superficial or deep lymphatics?

A

Superficial

65
Q

Medial superficial lymphatics of the foot follow which vein to where?

A

Great saphenous vein to the superficial inguinal lymph nodes and then deep inguinal lymph nodes

66
Q

Lateral superficial lymphatics of the foot follow which vein to where?

A

Small saphenous vein to the popliteal lymph nodes

67
Q

Deep lymphatics of the foot reach which lymph nodes first?

68
Q

Lateral superficial and deep lymphatics of the foot follow which vessel to where after reaching the popliteal nodes?

A

Femoral vessels to the deep inguinal lymph nodes

69
Q

All lymph from the lower limb ends up where?

A

External iliac nodes

MSK- Anatomy (10 decks)

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