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MSK- Anatomy > Dissection 2- Gluteal Region > Flashcards

Dissection 2- Gluteal Region Flashcards

1
Q

What does the gluteal region lie between?

A

The back and posterior thigh

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2
Q

What is the gluteal region posterior to?

A

Pelvis

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3
Q

What binds the gluteal region superiorly?

A

Iliac crests

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4
Q

What binds the gluteal region inferiorly?

A

Gluteal fold/sulcus

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5
Q

What is the name of the space between the buttocks?

A

Intergluteal cleft

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6
Q

What marks the lateral extent of the gluteal region?

A

Greater trochanter of femur

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7
Q

What two lines mark the quadrants of the gluteal region?

A

Greater trochanter to PSIS

Midpoint of iliac crest and down

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8
Q

What muscles make up the superior gluteal region?

A

Gluteus maximus, minimus and medius

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9
Q

What is the most superficial muscle in the superficial gluteal muscle group?

A

Gluteus maximus

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10
Q

What is the largest muscle in the superficial gluteal muscle group?

A

Gluteus maximus

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11
Q

What 4 structures does the gluteus maximus attach to proximally?

A

Iliac crest
Sacrum
Coccyx
Sacrotuberous ligament

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12
Q

Where does the gluteus maximus attach distally?

A

Iliotibial tract

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13
Q

Where do some stray fibres of the gluteus maximus attach distally if not to the normal location?

A

Gluteal tuberosity of the femur

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14
Q

The gluteus maximus is the most powerful muscle at what movement?

A

Extension of the hip

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15
Q

Which of the gluteal muscles helps to define the gluteal fold?

A

Gluteus maximus

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16
Q

Where do the gluteus minimus and medius attach proximally?

A

External surface of the ilium

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17
Q

Where does the gluteus minimus attach distally?

A

Anterior surface of the greater trochanter of femur

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18
Q

Where does the gluteus medius attach distally?

A

Lateral surface of the greater trochanter of femur

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19
Q

What two movements do the gluteus medius and minimus allow?

A

Abduct and internally rotate hip

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20
Q

What is the nerve supply to the gluteus medius and minimus?

A

Superior gluteal nerve (L5-S2)

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21
Q

Damage to what nerve results in a positive Trendelenberg Test?

A

Superior gluteal nerve

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22
Q

The inferior gluteal NVB is associated with what muscle? Where does it lie in relation to this muscle?

A

Gluteus maximus- lies deep

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23
Q

What nerve supplies the gluteus maximus?

A

Inferior gluteal nerve (L5-S2)

24
Q

The superior gluteal NVB is associated with which muscles? Which muscle does it lie deep to?

A

Gluteus minimus and medius

Lies deep to the gluteus medius

25
Q

What muscles make up the deep gluteal muscle group?

A

Obturator interim
Inferior and superior Gemelli
Pifiromis
Quadratus femoris

26
Q

What are the two roles of the deep gluteal muscles?

A

External rotation of the hip

Stabilisation of the hip

27
Q

The deep gluteal muscles run in strips from medial to lateral. Where do most of them attach at the lateral end?

A

Greater trochanter of femur

28
Q

What are the nerve root values of the sciatic nerve?

A

L4-S3

29
Q

Where is the sciatic nerve formed?

A

Lumbo-sacral plexus

30
Q

Where in the gluteal region does the sciatic nerve pass?

A

The middle

31
Q

Which compartment of the thigh does the sciatic nerve enter?

A

Posterior

32
Q

The sciatic nerve branches through the popliteal fossa into which compartments of the leg?

A

Posterior and lateral

33
Q

What is the largest nerve in the body?

A

Sciatic nerve

34
Q

Slipped discs pressing on the sciatic nerve cause what?

A

Sciatica

35
Q

What are the nerve root values of the pudenal nerve?

A

S2-S4

36
Q

Where is the pudenal nerve formed?

A

Sacral plexus

37
Q

Where in the gluteal region does the pudenal nerve pass?

A

Middle

38
Q

What does the pudenal nerve supply?

A

Muscles, skin and fascia of much of the perineum

39
Q

When is a pudenal nerve block used?

A

For obstetric procedures

40
Q

What are the nerve root values of the posterior cutaneous nerve of the thigh?

A

S1-S3

41
Q

Where is the posterior cutaneous nerve of the thigh formed?

A

Sacral plexus

42
Q

Where in the gluteal region does the posterior cutaneous nerve of the thigh pass?

A

Middle

43
Q

What does the posterior cutaneous nerve of the thigh supply?

A

Skin over the posterior aspect of the thigh

44
Q

The posterior cutaneous nerve of the thigh is a somatic nerve. What fibres does it contain?

A

Sensory and sympathetic

45
Q

Which gluteal quadrant must intra-gluteal injections go in to? What structure is this in order to avoid?

A

Superolateral quadrant

Sciatic nerve

46
Q

What structure should be identified in order to perform a lumbar puncture?

A

Iliac crests

47
Q

Where does the spinal cord end in adults?

A

L1/2

48
Q

What spinal level should a lumbar puncture be inserted?

A

L3/4

49
Q

What is the conus medullaris?

A

The terminal spinal cord

50
Q

What is the iliotibial tract?

A

A thickening of deep fascia of the thigh

51
Q

What is the deep fascia of the thigh known as?

A

Fascia lata

52
Q

Where does the iliotibial tract run to and from?

A

ASIS to the lateral aspect of the lateral tibial condyle

53
Q

What joint does the iliotibial tract support?

A

Knee

54
Q

What is the muscle part of the fascia lata known as?

A

Tensor fascia latae

55
Q

What part of the iliotibial tract would you find the tensor fascia latae in?

A

Proximal part

MSK- Anatomy (10 decks)

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