Disorders of the Skeletal System; Metabolic and Rheumatic Disorders Chapter 44

Question 1

Osteopenia

Answer 1

Decreased bone
Imbalance in Formation & Destruction
Inadequate bone mineralization
Excessive Deossification

(unexpected levels in bone for your age)

smoking race and gender can effect

Question 2

Osteoporosis

Answer 2

Osteoporosis “Porous bones” due to lost minerals

Decreased bone mass
Decreased cancellous (spongy) bone strength

increase in osteoclasts without osteoblasts makes porous bones and decreased bone mass

Question 3

Primary Osteoporosis

Answer 3

Unassociated with any other illness

Related to aging in both women and men

Related to loss of gonadal function in women

Hormonal/Postmenopausal Women
Estrogen deficiency

Hormonal Deficiency ? In Men ?
Estrogen
More Bone Mass

growth factors decrease physical activity

physical activity stimulates building of bones

Question 4

Secondary Osteoporosis

Answer 4

Variety of chronic Conditions that…
Contribute to

-Bone Mineral loss or
     Result from effects of Medications
-Result from effects of Nutritional         
     Deficiencies
-Endocrine Disorders
      Hyperparathyroidism
-Malabsorption Disorders
       Alcoholism 
- Medications
       Steroids
       Aluminum-containing Antacids

Question 5

Alcoholism-

Answer 5

• Inhibits Osteoblasts & Ca+ absorption

- does not let bones build

Question 6

What are some medications that can cause secondary osteoporpsis

Answer 6

Steroids- by inhibiting osteoblasts

Aluminum-containing Antacids- by not allowing calcium to be absorbed in the stomach

Question 7

Rheumatoid Arthritis

Answer 7

Systemic Inflammatory Autoimmune Joint Disease

Systemic Inflammatory damage in the synovial membrane or articular cartilage
Systemic signs of inflammation
Unknown Cause; ?strong genetics predisposition
Antibodies against IgG fragments

autoimmune (may be genetic) affects the synovial membranes

pannus granulation tissue vascular/inflammation causes bones to fuse together

Question 8

Systemic Lupus Erythematosus (SLE)

Answer 8

Autoantibodies include:
Antinuclear antibodies (ANA)
Antibodies against RBCs
Antibodies against platelets
Antibodies against coagulation factors

more prevalent in women (african americans, hispanics, and asians)

type 3 hypersensitivity reaction because b cells are overactive

chronic inflammatory disease that can attack any organ and can kill you

can see butterfly rash on face. receding hair line, and thinning hair most of the time

Question 9

Systemic Lupus Erythematosus (SLE) triggers-

Answer 9

Triggers are

Genetic
Hormonal
Environmental