Disorders of Red Blood Cells Chapter 13 Flashcards
Functions of Blood
- Transport medium for specialized defense cells
- Distribution of nutrients, oxygen and hormones
- Transport medium for metabolic wastes
What are the Goals of an Erythrocyte
• Goal of Erythrocyte
– Carry Oxygen with the Help of Hemoglobin – Hemoglobin Must have Iron * APPROX 65% OF IRON IS IN FORM OF HEMOGLOBIN * Approx 30+% stored in liver as Ferritin
How much OF IRON IS IN FORM OF HEMOGLOBIN
APPROX 65% OF IRON IS IN FORM OF HEMOGLOBIN
Approx 30+% of _____ is stored in liver as Ferritin
Iron
What is hemoglobin
- Complex protein; Composed of Heme + Globin
* 2 alpha + 2 Beta chains
What does hemoglobin do
Carries O2 from lungs to tissues and CO2 from tissues and lungs
Erythropoesis
Erythroid Progenitor ->Committed Proerythroblast ->Noroblast -> Reticulocyte -> Erythrocyte
Erythrocyte Production/Stimulation depends upon erythropoietin
Produced in Kidneys
Stimulated by Hypoxia
Synthetic Erythropoietin Available
What are Some Causes of Decreased Erythropoesis
Kidney Failure
Chemotherapy or Medications
What are the Required Dietary Factors for RBC production
- Vitamin B12 - required for DNA synthesis
- intrinsic factor necessary for absorption
- Folic acid - (folate) required for DNA synthesis
- Iron - required for hemoglobin synthesis
- Vitamin C - increases absorption of iron
How many days do RBCS last
120 days
Where are RBC destroyed
In the spleen or the liver
During RBC destruction what is broken down
Hemoglobin is broken down
Biliverdin is converted to bilirubin and excreted in bile via the gallbladder.
Iron (heme element) is carried on transferrin to the liver were it is stored as ferritin or back to the bone marrow to be reused
What you might see with Anemia
• Hypoxia
– Fatigue – weakness – dyspnea – Pallor – Tachycardia
How does the body adapt to anemia
As a compensatory measure;
Heart rate
increases
Respiratory rate increases
This occurs at rest or with small exertion
How does one get anemia
It is inherited or Aquired
