Diseases Exam 3

Question 1

Tetanus

1) Name of agent
2) are the agents bacteria,virus, protozoa, fungi
3) name of the toxins
4) mode of transmission
5) any animal reservoir or vector
6) organs affected

Answer 1

1) Clostridum Tetani
2) bacteria
3) neurotoxin ( tetanospasmin)
4) via break in skin ( found in dirt and feces)
5) none
6) CNS, muscle skeletal, respiratory

Question 2

Botulism

1) Name of agent
2) are the agents bacteria,virus, protozoa, fungi
3) name of the toxins
4) mode of transmission
5) any animal reservoir or vector
6) organs affected

Answer 2

1) Clostridium Botlinum
2) gram + bacteria
3) exotoxins; type A, B and E
4) food posisoning
5) soil
6) cns, muscle skeletal, cardiac, visual field

Question 3

Rabies

1) Name of agent
2) are the agents bacteria,virus, protozoa, fungi
3) name of the toxins
4) mode of transmission
5) any animal reservoir or vector
6) organs affected

Answer 3

1) Rabies Virus
2)virus
3)none
4)bite from mammal species infected with virus
5) mammal
6) CNS; brain and spinal cord
Salivary glands, mouth, nasal cavity, eyes

Question 4

Arboviral Encephalitis

1) Name of agent
2) are the agents bacteria,virus, protozoa, fungi
3) name of the toxins
4) mode of transmission
5) any animal reservoir or vector
6) organs affected

Answer 4

1) EEV,WEEV,SLEV,WNV,JEV
2) virus
3) none
4) From bird reservoirs to humans and horses by mosquito vectors of various diseases.
5) bird reservoirs, mosquito vectors
6) CNS( brain)

Question 5

Bacterial Endocarditis

1) Name of agent
2) are the agents bacteria,virus, protozoa, fungi
3) name of the toxins
4) mode of transmission
5) any animal reservoir or vector
6) organs affected

Answer 5

1) alpha-hemolytic streptococci; staphylococcus aureus
2) bacteria
3) none
4) focal infection; via the mouth through brushing the teeth or chewing food when the gums are damaged or bleeding
5) Human nasopharynx
6) heart

Question 6

Malaria

1) Name of agent
2) are the agents bacteria,virus, protozoa, fungi
3) name of the toxins
4) mode of transmission
5) any animal reservoir or vector
6) organs affected

Answer 6

1) Plasmodium spp ( 4 species- plasmodium vivax, p.ovale,p.malariae ( benign malaria) and p.falciparum
2) protozoan disease
3) none
4) bite of mosquitos
5) Anopheles mosquitos; reservoir is humans
6) circulatory system

Question 7

Lyme Disease

1) Name of agent
2) are the agents bacteria,virus, protozoa, fungi
3) name of the toxins
4) mode of transmission
5) any animal reservoir or vector
6) organs affected

Answer 7

1) Borrelia Burgorferi. Bacterium B.mayonii; B.miyamotoi
2) bacteria
3) none
4) bite of tick
5) vector borne disease ( arthropod bite); tick Ixodes Pacificus and Ixodes scapilaris; small mammals
6) integumentary ( skin), and respiratory system ( lungs and nose)

Question 8

Plague

1) Name of agent
2) are the agents bacteria,virus, protozoa, fungi
3) name of the toxins
4) mode of transmission
5) any animal reservoir or vector
6) organs affected

Answer 8

1) Yersinia Pestis
2)bacteria ( gram -, rod)
3)yes
4) scratches, bites, and licks
5)transmitted from one rat to another by therat flea, Xenopsylla cheopis
6) Bobonic plague ( lymphatic system: lymph nodes near groin and armpit)
Septicemic Plague ( circulatory system: blood)
Pneumonia Plague ( respiratory system: lungs)

Question 9

Mononucleosis

1) Name of agent
2) are the agents bacteria,virus, protozoa, fungi
3) name of the toxins
4) mode of transmission
5) any animal reservoir or vector
6) organs affected

Answer 9

1) Epstein-Bar ( EB) virus
2) viral
3) none
4) transfer by saliva and kissing
5) none
6) lymphatic system ( spleen and lymph nodes)

Question 10

HIV

1) Name of agent
2) are the agents bacteria,virus, protozoa, fungi
3) name of the toxins
4) mode of transmission
5) any animal reservoir or vector
6) organs affected

Answer 10

1) human immunodeficiency virus . subgroup lentivirus. two subtypes 1 and 2
2) VIRUS
3) none
4) direct contact with infected body fluids ( blood and semen); sexual contact, breast milk, transplacental infection, blood contaminated needles, organ transplants, artificial insemination, blood transfusion
5) none
6) immune system

Question 11

Common Cold

1) Name of agent
2) are the agents bacteria,virus, protozoa, fungi
3) name of the toxins
4) mode of transmission
5) any animal reservoir or vector
6) organs affected

Answer 11

1) Rhinoviruses,coronaviruses, adenoviruses
2) virus ( 200)
3) none
4) direct contact and droplets transmission
5) none
6) nasal cavity

Question 12

Influenza

1) Name of agent
2) are the agents bacteria,virus, protozoa, fungi
3) name of the toxins
4) mode of transmission
5) any animal reservoir or vector
6) organs affected

Answer 12

1) Orthomyxovirus
2) virus; type A,B,C most common
3) none
4) Humans transmit to human; inhalation of aerosols
5) flu A transmitted by pigs,horses,whales, dolphins
6) upper respiratory tract; lower respiratory tract

Question 13

Pinworm

1) Name of agent
2) are the agents bacteria,virus, protozoa, fungi
3) name of the toxins
4) mode of transmission
5) any animal reservoir or vector
6) organs affected

Answer 13

1) Enterobius vermicularis
2) roundworm or Phylum Nematoda; parasite; hemlminthic
3) Toxocara canis
4) fecal-oral route
5) cats and dogs; toxocariasis
6) gi system

Question 14

Hookworm

1) Name of agent
2) are the agents bacteria,virus, protozoa, fungi
3) name of the toxins
4) mode of transmission
5) any animal reservoir or vector
6) organs affected

Answer 14

1) Necator americanus; Ancylostoma duodenale; phylum nematoda;
2) protozoa
3) none
4) dog and cat feces
5) dog and cat
6) skin,respiratory system,intestines

Question 15

Typhoid fever

1) Name of agent
2) are the agents bacteria,virus, protozoa, fungi
3) name of the toxins
4) mode of transmission
5) any animal reservoir or vector
6) organs affected

Answer 15

1) Salmonella Enterica serotype typhi
2) bacteria
3) typhoid fever (exotoxin)
4) contaminated food and water that is contaminated with fecus or urine
5) humans only own reservoir
6) bloodstream,gallbladder, spleen, liver

Question 16

Cholera

1) Name of agent
2) are the agents bacteria,virus, protozoa, fungi
3) name of the toxins
4) mode of transmission
5) any animal reservoir or vector
6) organs affected

Answer 16

1) Vibrio Cholerae
2) bacteria ( gram -, rod shaped)
3) cholera toxin
4) fecal oral route, consumption of food or water contaminated
5) reservoir is human and water; no animal host
6) bloodstream, lymoh nodes, small intestines

Question 17

Shiga-toxin producing E.coli ( STEC)

1) Name of agent
2) are the agents bacteria,virus, protozoa, fungi
3) name of the toxins
4) mode of transmission
5) any animal reservoir or vector
6) organs affected

Answer 17

1) Shigella dysenteriae; e.coli
2) BACTERIA
3) shiga toxin
4) ingestion of contaminated food or water that contains fecal matter or by contact
5) cattle main reservoir
6) gi ( colon, abdomen pain), kidneys, immune system

Question 18

Helicobacter pylori

1) Name of agent
2) are the agents bacteria,virus, protozoa, fungi
3) name of the toxins
4) mode of transmission
5) any animal reservoir or vector
6) organs affected

Answer 18

1) Helicobacter pylori
2) bacteria
3) VacA ( vacuolating cytotoxin)
4) direct contact with saliva,feces,vomit. Pass via food/water contamination
5) normal stomach microbiota
6) stomach mucosa ( gastric and duodenai ulcers and gastritis)

Question 19

Syphilis

1) Name of agent
2) are the agents bacteria,virus, protozoa, fungi
3) name of the toxins
4) mode of transmission
5) any animal reservoir or vector
6) organs affected

Answer 19

1) Treponema pallidum
2) bacteria
3) none
4) direct physical contact
5) none
6) reproductive,nervous, cardiovascular system

Question 20

Genital Herpes

1) Name of agent
2) are the agents bacteria,virus, protozoa, fungi
3) name of the toxins
4) mode of transmission
5) any animal reservoir or vector
6) organs affected

Answer 20

1) HSV-1 and HSV-2 ( Human Simplex Virus)
2) VIRUS
3) none
4) oral-genital contact
5) none
6) reproductive system; CNS, skin

Question 21

Gonorrhea

1) Name of agent
2) are the agents bacteria,virus, protozoa, fungi
3) name of the toxins
4) mode of transmission
5) any animal reservoir or vector
6) organs affected

Answer 21

1) Neisseria gonorrhoeae
2) bacteria
3) endotoxin ( lipooligosaccharide)
4) sexually transmitted
5) humans
6) reproductive system

Question 22

Genital Warts

1) Name of agent
2) are the agents bacteria,virus, protozoa, fungi
3) name of the toxins
4) mode of transmission
5) any animal reservoir or vector
6) organs affected

Answer 22

1) Human papillomavirus (HPV) ( multiple strains)
2) VIRUS
3) none
4) sexually transmitted
5) humans
6) reproductive system