Disease of the Small Intestine Flashcards

1
Q

How is the following supplied to the small intestine: blood, innervation, and lymphatics?

A
  • blood is supplied by the celiac and cranial mesenteric arteries –> drains to the liver via the portal veins
  • Autonomic innervation = vagus and splanchnic nerves
  • Lacteal drain into the mesenteric lymphatic vessels –> empties into the cisterna chyli
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2
Q

What are the layers of the small intestine? Which layer is the most important clinically? Why?

A

3 layers = (inner) mucosa, submucosa, muscularis (outer longitudinal, inner circular) and seroa
- most important layer = mucosa
- mucosa = responsible for digestive, absorptive, and protective barrier

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3
Q

What’s the major energy source for the small intestine?

A

glutamate

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4
Q

How is feline cobalamin metabolism different than the dog?

A

Cats lack transcobalamin I (a binding protein) so can lose cobalamin via enterohepatic recycling –> can deplete its cobalamin storage within a month

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5
Q

What’s the pacemaker cell in the small intestine?

A

interstitial cells of Cajal

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6
Q

What are the 3 phases of small intestinal motility in the fasted state?

A
  1. quiescent phase
  2. minor contractile activity
  3. short migrating myoelectric (motor) complexes (MMC)
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7
Q

How does motilin and erythromycin effect SI motility?

A

MMC is induced by motilin, which can also be created by low dose of erythromycin

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8
Q

What’s MAMPS?

A

microbe-associated molecular patterns

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9
Q

What’s PRRs?

A

on the SI mucosa, there is pattern recognizing receptors, then can recognize the conserved elements of bacterial structure –> MAMPs

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10
Q

What’s the function of TLR2, TLR4, TLR5, and NOD2?

A

This is part of the SI mucosal PRRs then can find microbes
TLR2 = lipopeptide
TLR 4 = lipopolysaccharide
TLR 5 = bacterial flagella protein (flagellin)
NOD2 = bacterial lipopolysaccharide

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11
Q
A
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