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Immunology and Serology [LEC] > [DISCUSSION] MODULE 1 UNIT 1 > Flashcards

[DISCUSSION] MODULE 1 UNIT 1 Flashcards

1
Q

Variolation: origin

A

China

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2
Q

ANCIENT TIMES

A
  1. China
  2. Lady Montagu of Turkey
  3. Mithridates (Mithridatism)
  4. Central Africa
  5. Dutch Guiana
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3
Q

. Venom and ant eggs as treatment for snake bites

A
  1. Central Africa
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4
Q
  1. Dutch Guiana
A

Djoekas

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5
Q

Contagion

A

Girolamo Fracastoro (1564)

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6
Q

. Smallpox vaccination

A

Edward Jenner (1798)

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7
Q

. attenuated chicken cholera, anthrax and rabies vaccines development

A

Louis Pasteur

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8
Q

. Coined the term vaccine (from the Latin vacca, meaning cows), an honor of Jenner’s work with cowpox inoculation

A

Louis Pasteur

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9
Q

. blood immunized with staphylococci (weak strains) gives partial protection to the same organism

A

Richet and Hericourt

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10
Q

. serum of animal immunized with Pseudomonas aeruginosa agglutinated a suspension of the same microbes

A

Charrin and Rodger

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11
Q

. Specificity of the Protective Effects of Immunization

A

Pfeiffer

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12
Q

. Discovered the role of leukocytes in phagocytosis

A

Elie Metchnikoff (1883)

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13
Q
  • as part of cellular immunity
A

INFLAMMATION

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14
Q

. [?]— in animals

A

Celsus

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15
Q

. [?] — changes occur in CT

A

Virchow

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16
Q
  • local vascular lesion
A

. Arnold and Cohnheim

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17
Q

action of an immune serum on microbes

A

Fodor

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18
Q

neutralizing antitoxic activity of sera

A

Emil von Beh ring and Kitasato (1890)

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19
Q

similar neutralizing activity against snake venom

A

CaImette

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20
Q

the Pfeiffer phenomenon

A

Pfeiffer and lssaef

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21
Q

reconciled humoral and cellular theories

A

Jules Bordet (1895)

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22
Q

Sensitizer and Alexine

A

Jules Bordet (1895)

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23
Q

. Opsonin

A

Wright and Douglas

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24
Q

. First to explain the appearance of antibodies in the circulation

A

Paul Ehrlich — Ehrlich’s Side Chain Theory (1896)

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25
. Key and lock
Paul Ehrlich — Ehrlich's Side Chain Theory (1896)
26
Negation to Ehrlichs Theory:
. Bordet . Arrhenius and Madsen
27
Father of Immunohematology
Landsteiner (1900)
28
Haptens
Landsteiner (1900)
29
Complement Fixation Test
Bordet and Gengou (1901)
30
Template Theory
Breinl and Haurowitz (1930)
31
Antibodies are immunoglobulins
Tiselius and Kabat (1939)
32
. Variable Folding Theory of Antibody Formation
Pauling (1940)
33
lsoantibody
Bordet
34
. Anamnesis
Wassermann and von Dugern
35
bad side of the immune response
Hypersensitivity Studies
36
. Anaphylaxes
Richet and Portier
37
Arthus phenomenon
Arthus
38
. Shwartzman phenomenon
Shwartzman
39
. serum sickness
Von Pirquet
40
. allergic reaction as manifested by smooth muscle contraction
Schultz-Dale
41
.Hay Fever
Wolf-Eisner
42
. Passive transfer of allergic reactivity to an allergen
Prausnitz-Kustner
43
. role of histamine In inflammatory reactions
Riley and West
44
Self-toIerance or immunologic tolerance
Burdet and Fenner
45
Felton phenomenon
Felton
46
Acquired immune tolerance in bone marrow chimeras in mice Injected with allogeneic bone marrow at or before birth
Billingham, Brent. Medawar
47
Immunofluorescence
Coons (1941)
48
Blood chimeras (in bovine twins)
Owen (1945)
49
Abs are made in plasma cells
Fagraeus (1948)
50
classify Ab through uItracentrifugation
Svedberg
51
Double helix of DNA
Watson and Crick (1953)
52
Natural Selection Theory
Jerne (1955)
53
Clonal Selection Theory
Talmage and Burnet (1957)
54
B and T cell cooperation
Claman, etal. (1966)
55
Fragmentation of Immunoglobulins (1959) 2 Fab's and 1 Fc- H chain and Lchain -
Porter Edelman
56
Constant and Variable region
Putnam, Hilschmann and Craig (1965)
57
First complete a.a. sequence of an immunoglobulin
Edelman (1969)
58
T-cell receptor
Allison and Haskins (1982-1983)
59
. Abs are developed in the spleen, bone marrow, lymph nodes
Pfeiffer and Marx
60
. immunoglobulins are heterogeneous, detected the existence of IgA
Grabar and Williams
61
. nomenclature of Ig’s was established and a.a. sequences of them were studied
Grabar and Williams
62
Idiotypes
Grubb
63
Allotypes
Oudin
64
role of thymus in immune system
Waksman and Yankowic
65
- 1 to perform cholera vaccination in India
Haffkine
66
— BCG
Calmette and Guerin
67
- tetanus toxoid - detoxified bacterial toxin
Lowenstein
68
- diphtheria toxoid — detoxified bacterial toxin
Glenny
69
- polio vaccine
Salk
70
— use of adjuvants in vaccines
Le Moignic and Pinoy
71
— 1 synthetic vaccine — diphtheria vaccine
Alouf, Chedid. Boquet
72
. Histocompatibility antigens on leukocytes
Dausset and Rapaport
73
1st to produce immune serum against tissue components
Lindemann
74
. prepared immune serum against leukocytes ( anti-leukocyte antiserum)
Metchnikoff and Besredka
75
. antisera against lymphoid tissues/ anti-lymphocyte antiserum
Bogomoletz
76
Serum Antitoxins
1901 Emil von Behring
77
Cellular Immunity to tuberculosis
1905 Robert Koch
78
Role of phagocytosis
1908 Elie Metchnikoff
79
Role of antitoxins ¡n immunity
1908 Paul Ehrlich
80
Anaphylaxis
1913 Charles Richet
81
Complement-mediated bacteriolysis
1919 Jules Bordet
82
Discovery of human blood groups
1930 Karl Landstelner
83
Development of yellow fever vaccine
1951 Max Theiler
84
Antihistamiens
1957 DanIel Bovet
85
Discovery of acquired immunological tolerance
1960 Frank Macfarlane Burnet & Peter Medawar
86
Chemical structure of antibodies
1972 Rodney E. Porter & Gerald M. Edelman
87
Development of radioimmunoassay
1977 Rosalyn R. Yalow
88
Major histocompatibility complex
1980 George Snell, Jean Dausset, & Baruj Benacerraf
89
Immune regulatory theories
1984 Niels Jerne
90
Technological advances in the development of monoclonal antibodies
1984 Cesar Mistein & Georges E. Kohler
91
Gene rearrangement In antibody production
1987 Susumu Tonegawa
92
Transplantation immunology
1991 E. Donnall Thomas & Joseph Murray
93
Role of MHC In antigen recognition by T cells
1996 Peter C. Doherty & RoIf M. Zinkernagel
94
Genetic regulation of organ development and cell death (apoptosis)
2002 Sydney Brenner, H. Robert Horvitz & J. E. Sulston
95
Role of HPV in causing cervical cancer
2008 Harald zur Hausen
96
Discovery of HIV
2008 Françoise Barrê-Sinoussi & Lut Montagnier
97
Discovery of activating principles of innate immunity
Jules Hoffman & Bruce Beutler
98
Role & dendritic cells in adaptive immunity
2011 Ralph Steinman
99
Discovery of cancer therapy by inhibition of negative immune regulation
2018 James Allison and Tasuku Honjo

Immunology and Serology [LEC] (15 decks)

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