DIGESTIVE SYSTEMS LAB

Question 1

The digestive system is divided into how many parts?

Answer 1

the digestive system is divided into two parts

Question 2

What are the two main parts of the digestive system?

Answer 2

the two main parts of the digestive system are the alimentary canal and the gastrointestinal (GI) tract

Question 3

What is the function of the gastrointestinal (GI) tract?

Answer 3

the gastrointestinal tract functions to break down products during digestion

Question 4

What is the gastrointestinal (GI) tract?

Answer 4

the gastrointestinal tract is a long tube that runs from the mouth to the anus

Question 5

List a few of the organs involved in the alimentary canal.

Answer 5

some organs involved in the alimentary canal are the esophagus, stomach, intestines, rectum, and anus

Question 6

List a few of the accessory organs of the digestive system.

Answer 6

a few digestive accessory organs are the salivary glands, liver, gallbladder, and pancreas

Question 7

What is the function of the accessory organs?

Answer 7

the accessory organs function to secrete substances needed for digestion

Question 8

What is the function of the digestive system?

Answer 8

the digestive system functions to break down and absorb food and water and excrete waste

Question 9

What are the two types of digestion?

Answer 9

the two types of digestion are mechanical digestion and chemical digestion

Question 10

Define mechanical digestion.

Answer 10

mechanical digestion is the breaking down of food into smaller pieces

Question 11

Define chemical digestion.

Answer 11

chemical digestion is the enzymatic breakdown of large molecules into smaller ones

Question 12

What organ is initiates the beginning of the alimentary canal?

Answer 12

the mouth initiates the beginning of the alimentary canal

Question 13

What are the names of the palates that form the “roof” of the mouth?

Answer 13

the hard/ soft palates form the roof of the mouth

Question 14

Food initially enters the body through what digestive structure?

Answer 14

food initially enters the body through the mouth

Question 15

Which structure form the “floor” of the mouth?

Answer 15

the tongue forms then “floor” of the mouth

Question 16

Which structure form the lateral walls of the mouth?

Answer 16

the cheeks form the lateral walls of the mouth

Question 17

List the components of the hard palate.

Answer 17

the hard palate is composed of the maxillae portion of the palatine process and the palatine bones

Question 18

List the components of the soft palate.

Answer 18

the soft palate is composed of connective tissue and a mucous membrane

Question 19

Which structure is located at the posterior portion of the soft palate?

Answer 19

the uvula is located at the posterior portion of the soft palate

Question 20

What is the function of the soft palate?

Answer 20

the soft palate function to keep food and liquid from entering the nasal cavity

Question 21

Which muscle types is the tongue made up of?

Answer 21

the tongue is made up of skeletal muscle tissue

Question 22

What are the functions of the tongue?

Answer 22

the tongue functions to promote speech, taste, movement of food, and swallowing

Question 23

Which type of digestion is the oral cavity responsible for?

Answer 23

the oral cavity is responsible for mechanical digestion

Question 24

What is the name of the collection of muscles that function in mechanical digestion?

Answer 24

the name of the muscles that function in mechanical digestion is the “muscles of mastication”

Question 25

Which muscles are included in the “muscles of mastication”?

Answer 25

the “muscles of mastication” include the masseter, temporalis, and medial/ lateral pterygoid muscles

Question 26

What are the functions of the masseter and temporalis?

Answer 26

the masseter and temporalis are responsible for closing the jaw

Question 27

What are the functions of the medial/ lateral pterygoid muscles?

Answer 27

the medial/ lateral pterygoid muscles function to promote sideways grinding against the molar/ premolar teeth

Question 28

List the three portions of the pharynx.

Answer 28

the pharynx is divided into the nasopharynx, oropharynx, and laryngopharynx

Question 29

Which portions of the pharynx have a role in digestion?

Answer 29

the oropharynx and laryngopharynx take part in digestion

Question 30

Which portion of the of the pharynx has a role in digestion and respiration?

Answer 30

the oropharynx has a role in both digestion and respiration

Question 31

Which structures does the oropharynx begin/ end at?

Answer 31

the oropharynx begins at the uvula and ends at the hyoid bone

Question 32

What are the functions of the laryngopharynx?

Answer 32

the laryngopharynx functions as a passageway for food, air, and liquids

Question 33

At which structures does the laryngopharynx begin/ end?

Answer 33

the laryngopharynx begins at the hyoid bone and end just inferior to the epiglottis

Question 34

What is the function of the epiglottis?

Answer 34

the epiglottis functions to close of the laryngopharynx so that food/ drink does not enter the respiratory system

Question 35

Which digestive process occurs in the pharynx?

Answer 35

propulsion occurs in the pharynx

Question 36

Which structure does food move through in the digestion process?

Answer 36

food moves through the oropharynx, laryngopharynx, and then the esophagus

Question 37

The esophagus conducts food into which digestive organ?

Answer 37

the esophagus conducts food into the stomach

Question 38

Describe the anatomical structure of the esophagus.

Answer 38

the esophagus is a flattened muscular tube about 10 inches long but distends as food passes through it