Digestive system

Question 1

What are the functions of the digestive system?

Answer 1

• INGESTION of food
• SECRETION of digestive juices
• DIGESTION of food
• ABSORPTION of digestive products
• DEFECATION

Question 2

What are the two types of digestion?

Answer 2

1. Mechanical digestion

2. Chemical digestion

Question 3

What are the components of the digestive system?

Answer 3

• GI tract (alimentary) organs

- Accessory digestive organs

Question 4

What are the alimentary organs (GI tract)

Answer 4

Organs that come in direct contact with food

Question 5

What are examples of alimentary organs?

Answer 5

• mouth
• pharynx
• esophagus
• stomach
• small intestine
• large intestine
• rectum
• anus

Question 6

What are accessory digestive organs?

Answer 6

Organs that secrete into lumen of GI tract

Question 7

What are examples of accessory digestive organs?

Answer 7

• teeth
• tongue
• salivary glands
• liver
• gallbladder
• pancreas

Question 8

Name the 3 salivary glands?

Answer 8

1. Parotid gland
2. Sublingual gland
3. Submandibular gland

Question 9

What are the layers of the GI tract?

Answer 9

1. Mucosa (inner)
2. Submucosa
3. Muscularis
4. Serosa (outer)

Question 10

What is the inner most layer of the GI tract?

Answer 10

mucosa

Question 11

What are the layers of the mucosa?

Answer 11

1. Epithelium
2. lamina propria
3. muscularis mucosae

Question 12

What type of material makes up the lamina propria?

Answer 12

connective tissue with blood and lymphatic vessels

Question 13

What is the function of the lamina propria?

Answer 13

Aids in absorption and contains MALTS

Question 14

What material makes up the muscularis mucosae?

Answer 14

smooth muscle

Question 15

What is the function of the muscularis mucosae?

Answer 15

Allows folds in the stomach and small intestine

Question 16

What is the found in the submucosa layer?

Answer 16

blood and lymphatic vessels to receive absorbed molecules

Question 17

What material makes up the muscularis?

Answer 17

• Mouth, pharynx, and superior/ middle esophagus: skeletal

- Rest of the tract: smooth muscle

Question 18

What are the layers of the muscularis layer?

Answer 18

1. Circular smooth muscle layer

2. Longitudinal smooth muscle layer

Question 19

What is the serosa layer made up of?

Answer 19

connective tissue and simple squamous epithelium

Question 20

What is another name for the serosa?

Answer 20

visceral peritoneum

Question 21

What is the largest serous membrane in the body?

Answer 21

peritoneum

Question 22

What are the layers of the peritoneum?

Answer 22

• Visceral peritoneum (serosa)
• peritoneal cavity
• parietal peritoneum

Question 23

What is the function of the visceral peritoneum (serosa)

Answer 23

covers organs within abdominopelvic cavity

Question 24

What is the function of the parietal peritoneum?

Answer 24

lines the inner surface of the abdominopelvic wall

Question 25

What are the organs outside the peritoneal cavity called?

Answer 25

retroperitoneal organs

Question 26

Name the retroperitoneal organs?

Answer 26

• kidneys
• ascending and descending colons of large intestine
• duodenum of small intestine
• pancreas

Question 27

List the things that hold the GI tract components together

Answer 27

• Lesser omentum
• mesocolon
• mesentery
• greater omentum
• falciform ligament

Question 28

What does the lesser omentum connect?

Answer 28

Stomach and liver

Question 29

What does the mesocolon connect?

Answer 29

large intestine to posterior abdominal wall

Question 30

What does the mesentery connect?

Answer 30

small intestine to posterior abdominal wall

Question 31

What does the greater omentum connect?

Answer 31

“fatty layer” and transverse colon

Question 32

What does the falciform ligament connect?

Answer 32

liver to anterior abdominal wall