Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Physiology 202 Lab > Blood Vessels and Capillaries > Flashcards

Blood Vessels and Capillaries Flashcards

1
Q

What are the two systems of circulations in the body?

A

Pulmonary and systemic circulations

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

What is found in all circulations?

A

arteries, veins and capillaries

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

What are small arteries?

A

arterioles

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

What are small veins?

A

venules

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

What is the pathway of circulation through blood vessels?

A

Arteries-> arterioles -> capillaries -> venules -> veins

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

What phrase describes the function of arteries?

A

irrigates

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

what phrase describes the function of veins?

A

drains

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

What is the name of layers of blood vessels?

A

tunics

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

What are the 3 layers of blood vessels?

A
  1. Tunica interna
  2. Tunica media
  3. Tunica externa
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

What layers make up the tunica interna in arteries?

A
  1. Endothelium
  2. Basement membrane
  3. Internal elastic lamina
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

What is the endothelium made of?

A

smooth, simple squamous epithelium

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

What is the importance of having smooth, simple squamous epithelium in the endothelium?

A

slick lining promotes blood flow

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

What is the importance of the basement membrane in arteries?

A

Physical support base for endothelial layer

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

What is the function of the basement membrane in arteries?

A

Provides tensile strength and resilience for stretch and recoil

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

What is the internal elastic layer made of?

A

elastic tissue

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

What is the thickest tunic in arteries?

A

tunica media

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

What are the two layers of the tunica media in arteries?

A
  • smooth muscle

- external elastic lamina

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

What is the importance of smooth muscle in the tunica media of arteries?

A

It’s supplied by the sympathetic nervous system to cause vasoconstriction/ vasodilation

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

What is the function of the smooth muscle in the tunica media of arteries?

A

regulates diameter of vessel lumen

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

What is the external elastic lamina of the arteries made of?

A

Elastic fibers

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

What is the function of the elastic fibers in the external elastic lamina of arteries?

A

allows vessels to be stretched and recoiled

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

What is the outermost layer of an artery?

A

Tunica externa

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

What is the tunica externa made of in both arteries and veins?

A

elastic and collagen fibers

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

What is the function of elastic and collagen fibers in the tunica externa?

A

Provides support and protection

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
Q

What are the two types of arteries?

A

elastic and muscular arteries

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
26
Q

Are elastic or muscular arteries larger in diameter?

A

elastic arteries

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
27
Q

Describe the tunica media in elastic arteries

A

More elastic fibers

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
28
Q

What do elastic fibers in elastic arteries do during systole and diastole?

A

systole: stretch when blood is pumped into them under high pressure

Diastole: recoil to push blood out of them

29
Q

Name 3 elastic arteries

A

Aorta, pulmonary trunk, left common carotid artery

30
Q

Describe the tunica media in muscular arteries

A

More smooth muscle

31
Q

What does smooth muscle in the tunic media of arteries do?

A
  • Distributes blood to different areas of the body

- Controls blood flow to different areas of body w/ vasoconstriction and vasodilation

32
Q

Name 3 muscular arteries

A

Brachial arteries, radial arteries, femoral arteries

33
Q

True or false:

Arteries and veins have the same tunic layers?

A

True

34
Q

What layers make up the tunica interna in veins?

A

Endothelium and basement membrane

35
Q

True or false:

veins have internal and external lamina

A

False

36
Q

What is the difference between the tunica media in veins and arteries?

A

The tunica media is thinner in veins than in arteries

37
Q

What makes the tunica media thinner in veins?

A

There is fewer smooth muscle fibers

38
Q

What is the thickest tunic layer in veins?

A

Tunic externa

39
Q

How do you tell veins from arteries in pictures?

A
  • Lumen in veins is larger

- the cell looks collapsed

40
Q

What do veins have near the endothelium that arteries do not have?

A

Valves

41
Q

What is the purpose of valves in veins?

A

Prevents back flow of blood

42
Q

Do arteries or veins hold the most blood in the body?

A

Veins

43
Q

What does the term blood reservoir mean?

A

A vessel or organ that holds a lot of blood

44
Q

What blood volume is found in venous circulation?

A

64%

45
Q

What does the venous valve fold?

A

Tunica interna

46
Q

What causes varicose veins?

A

The valve in the vein is damaged and blood pools in the vein

47
Q

What are the 3 things that maintains venous circulation?

A
  • skeletal muscle pump
  • respiratory pump
  • arterial pump
48
Q

What does the skeletal muscle pump do?

A

contracts muscles around veins to compress them

49
Q

What does the respiratory pump do?

A

During inhalation, diaphragm contracts and moves downward increasing the pressure in abdominal cavity and decreasing thoracic cavity pressure -> abdominal veins become compressed and blood moves to decompressed thoracic veins

50
Q

What does the arterial pump do?

A

constricts/dilates arteries to compress nearby veins

*arterial pulse waves pushes up against parallel veins

51
Q

What is the function of capillaries?

A

carry nutrients and O2 throughout the body

52
Q

Why do capillaries have really small walls?

A

So nutrients and other material can pass through the walls easier

53
Q

What are the 2 layers of capillaries?

A

Endothelium and the basement membrane

54
Q

What is the endothelium of capillaries made of?

A

Simple squamous epithelium (single layer)

55
Q

What 3 things can be found on the endothelium walls of capillaries?

A
  • tight junctions
  • intercellular clefts
  • fenestrations
56
Q

Define tight junctions

A

fusion of plasma membranes of adjacent cells

57
Q

Define intercellular clefts

A

spaces between cells

58
Q

Define fenestrations

A

pores in plasma membrane

59
Q

How does blood travel though capillaries?

A

One blood cell at a time bc of SMALL DIAMETERS

60
Q

What are the 3 types of capillaries?

A

Continuous, fenestrated, and sinusoid

61
Q

What is mostly found in continuous capillaries?

A

intercellular clefts

62
Q

What is mostly found in fenestrated capillaries?

A

fenestrations

63
Q

What is mostly found in sinusoid capillaries?

A

Large fenestrations, large intercellular clefts, and little to no basement membrane

64
Q

What type of capillary is the hardest and easiest to travel through?

A

Hardest: Continuous

Easiest: sinusoid

65
Q

Define capillary exchange

A

the movement of substances between blood and interstitial fluid

66
Q

What are the 3 processes of capillary exchange?

A
  • Diffusion
  • Transcytosis
  • Bulk Flow
67
Q

What is diffusion?

A
  • molecules travel from high to low concentrations (down concentration gradient)
68
Q

What is transcytosis?

A

molecules transported across capillary walls by vesicles

69
Q

What is bulk flow?

A

fluid travels from high pressure to low pressure (down concentration gradient)

Physiology 202 Lab (40 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions