Clinicals Flashcards
What is myocardial Infarction (MI)?
complete obstruction to blood flow in a coronary artery -> death of cardiac tissue due to interrupted blood supply
What are the symptoms of myocardial infarction?
- pressure, tightness, pain in chest and arms
- nausea and indigestion
- shortness of breath
- cold sweat
Risk factors of myocardial infarction
- Men age 45+ women age 55+
- high blood cholesterol
- hypertension
- tobacco use
- metabolic syndrome
Diagnosis of myocardial infarction
- ECG
- Blood tests
- Coronary angiogram
Treatments for myocardial infarction
- medication (blood thinners, beta-blockers)
- surgery (Coronary artery bypass surgery)
What is Mitral valve prolapse (MVP)?
One or both mitral valve cusps protrude into left atrium during ventricular contraction
What can potentially happen during mitral valve prolapse?
Mitral valve regurgitation = blood leaks back into the left atrium
What are the symptoms of Mitral valve prolapse?
- arrhythmia
- dizziness
- difficulty breathing
- fatigue
- chest pain
Risk factors of Mitral valve prolapse
- Men of 50+
- linked to marfan syndrom, muscular dystrophy
Diagnosis of Mitral valve prolapse
- auscultating for heart murmur with stethoscope
- echocardiogram
- chest x-ray
Treatments of Mitral valve prolapse
- medications for symptoms (beta blockers, blood thinners)
- surgery (valve repair/ valve replacement)
