digestive system

Question 1

what is the alimentary canal/ GI tract/ digestive tract made of

Answer 1

• mouth
• throat
• esophagus
• stomach
• small
• large intestine
• rectum

Question 2

major organs

Answer 2

• mouth
• pharynx
• esophagus
• stomach
• small/ large intestines

Question 3

accessory organs

Answer 3

• teeth
• tongue
• salivary gland
• liver
• gallbladder
• pancreas

Question 4

layers of the GI tract

Answer 4

(superficial to deep)

• serosa (viseral peritoneum, serus membrane)
• muscularis externa (smooth muscle)
• submucosa (aereolar connective)
• mucosa (secretes mucus, non ciliated simple columnar, microvilli)

Question 5

mesentery

Answer 5

• fold of the peritoneum

- attaches to the stomach, small intestine, pancreas, spleen, etc

Question 6

mesocolon

Answer 6

• broad, mesofold of peritoneum

- connects transverse colon to the posterior wall of abdomen

Question 7

falciform ligament

Answer 7

-ligament that separates the liver

Question 8

lesser omentum

Answer 8

-double layer of peritonuem that extends from the liver to the lesser curvature and the duodenum

Question 9

greater omentum

Answer 9

• apron like fold of visceral peritoneum

- hangs down from the stomach

Question 10

function of GI tract

Answer 10

• mechanical digestion
• chemical digestion
• defication ( excretion of waste)
• mixing and movement of foods and waste
• absorption of nutrients and water
• secretion of fluids and digestive enzymes

Question 11

mouth function

Answer 11

• salivary glands
• saliva enzymes break down STARCHES (carbohydrates)
• lubrication of food

Question 12

pharynx and esophagus function

Answer 12

• passageway for food

- no special functions

Question 13

stomach function

Answer 13

• when empty, the lining folds up into little rides (rugae)
• walls contract and stretch to mash the boluses into paste (chyme)
• releases GASTRIC ENZYMES and acids
• breaks down PROTEIN

Question 14

small intestine function

Answer 14

• where most digestion occurs
• 20 feet long
• breaking down of FATS
• ENZYMES AND CHEMICALS secreted by the pancreas, liver, and intestines
• contain many folds (plica) that are lined with VILLI (absorbs nutrients from chyme)
• nutrients are passed into the blood and lymph system

Question 15

large intestine function

Answer 15

• final removal of FLUIDS
• chyme turns to feces
• contains harmless bacteria (aids in productions of vitamin K)
• haustral churning

Question 16

boluses

Answer 16

-chewed food that is combined with saliva

Question 17

chyme

Answer 17

-thick fluid created in stomach from boluses

Question 18

feces

Answer 18

• poop

- made of undigested food, cellulose, dead cells, mucus, and bacteria

Question 19

flatus

Answer 19

farting

Question 20

constipation

Answer 20

• when feces is stored in the large intestine for an extended period of time
• fluid from feces is sucked into body
• may cause feculent breath

Question 21

gastroenterology

Answer 21

study of the digestive system

Question 22

proctology

Answer 22

study of the anus and rectum

Question 23

common hepatic duct

Answer 23

• from both livers

- carries bile to gallbladder

Question 24

cystic duct

Answer 24

• from gallbladder

- carries bile to stomach

Question 25

bile duct

Answer 25

-carries bile from both gallbladder and liver

Question 26

pancreatic duct

Answer 26

• from pancreas to duodenum

- secrets digestive enzymes

Question 27

frenulum

Answer 27

• small fold of tissue under the tongue

- keeps oneself from swallowing the tongue

Question 28

how many teeth

Answer 28

32???

Question 29

order of teeth

Answer 29

• central incisor
• lateral incisor
• canine
• first bicuspid (premolar)
• second bicuspid (premolar)
• first molar
• second molar
• third molar (wisdom teeth)

Question 30

sections of the stomach

Answer 30

• cardiac sphincter (connects esophagus to stomach)
• cardia
• fundus
• body
• pylorus
• pyloric sphincter (connects stomach to small intestine)

Question 31

sections of the small intestine

Answer 31

• pyloric sphincter (connects stomach to small intestine)
• duodenum
• jejunum
• ilium
• ileocecal sphincter (connects small to large intestines)

Question 32

sections of the large intestine

Answer 32

• ileocecal sphincter (connects small to large intestines)
• cecum
• colon (ascending, transverse, descending, sigmoid)
• rectum

Question 33

saliva

Answer 33

• 95% water

- 5% enzymes

Question 34

i play dungeons and dragons

Answer 34

• ingestion
• propulsion (movement of food)
• deglutation
• absorbtion
• defication