digestive system Flashcards

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1
Q

GI tract

A

break down large molecules to small ones that be absorbed by the bodys cells

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2
Q

GI tract tissue layers

A

mucosa, submucosa, muscularis externa, serosa

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3
Q

mucosa

A

epithelium tissue, lines lumen, secrete digestive enzymes

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4
Q

submucosa

A

loose connective tissue, contains blood vessel and lymph nodes

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5
Q

muscularis externa

A

double layer of smooth tissue

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6
Q

serosa

A

squamous epithelium, secretes serous fluid

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7
Q

chemical digestion

A

1) hydrochloric acid 2)bile salts 3)specific enzymes, salivary glands secrete saliva

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8
Q

motility - peristalsis

A

enteric nervous system leads to contraction and relaxation of smooth muscle producing waves of contraction called peristalsis

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9
Q

fat digestion in stomach

A

acidic lipase optimum ph is 3-6. adults acidic lipases are responsible for 30% of lipid hydroylsis

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10
Q

pyloric sphincter

A

the gate of the small intestine opens and allows limited amount of chyme to pass

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11
Q

small intestine - major chemical digestion

A

duodenum - digestion , ileum - reabsorption

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12
Q

villi, microvilli

A

increase surface area, microvilli also produces brush border enzymes

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13
Q

zymogens

A

digestive enzymes inactive form, these zymogens are converted to active form by brushborder enzymes

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14
Q

trypsinogen ( brushbe)

A

activated enteropeptidase to produce trypsin, found in the intestinal mucosa

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15
Q

absorption of AA and small sugars

A

require energy to be absorbed - active transport, once in epithelium cells they move by facilated diffusion into blood

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16
Q

absorption lipids

A

short chained fatty acids - directly into bloodstream. chylomicrons pass into lymphatic capillaries and transport dietary lipods to body tissue

17
Q

absorption of water, vit and minerals

A

water is passive and driven osmotic gradient. vit absorption hydrophobic fat soluble ADEK, hydrophilic water soluble BC

18
Q
A