cardiovascular system Flashcards
arteries
carry blood away from heart. largest artery is aorta. 3 layers of tissues endothelial cells, elastic fibres & smooth muscle, protective connective tissue
arterioles
site for blood pressure regulation. dilate - bf decreases Constict - bf increases
veins & venules
small veins that collect blood from capillary beds and bring in to larger veins
capillaries
connect arterioles with venules
pulmonary
circulation of blood to and from lungs
systemic
carries oxygenated blood away from heart & deoxygenated blood to the heart
carotid arteries
(off aorta) bring blood to neck and head
subclavian arteries
bring blood to shoulders and arms
SA node
these cells automatically sends impulses that initiate each heartbeat
AV node
conducts the impulse to specialised muscle in the septum - AV bundles
purkinje fibres
initiate the simultaneous contraction of all cells of the right nd left ventricle
red blood cells (erythrocytes)
erythpoietin controls rate of production. haemoglobin broken down to aa. iron recycled. life span 120 days
white blood cells
defence. 5 types - lymphocytes, monocytes, easinophil, basophil, neutrophil. life span is cell & location dependant
platelets - thrombocytes
synthesized in bone marrow, life span 5-8 days
antigen
a substance that can stimulate the production of an antibody. antigen of rbc can have either A or B, AB, O
