Digestive Disease of Adult Ruminants Flashcards
GI diseases of the rumen
- Traumatic reticuloperitonitis (Hardware disease)
- Bloat
- Acidosis
GI diseases of the abomasum
- Left displacement
- Right displacement
- Ulcers
- Neoplasia
Neoplasia: cancer in the abomasum
GI diseases of the intestines
- Hernias
- Rectal prolapse
- Enteritis
- Johne’s disease
Enteritis: Inflammation of the intestines
What is the most common GI problem in intesively managed ruminants?
Dairy and feedlot
Ruminal acidosis
Ruminal acidosis is a result and responsive to…
- Result of management choices (feeding)
- Responsive to changes in management
Sturctural carbohydrates (cellulose & hemicellulose) result in what type of fermentation?
Slow fermentation
Starch and simple sugars result in what type of fermentation?
Rapid fermentation
How does ruminal acidosis occur?
- Cerial grains require less saliva production (less salivary bicarb ingested –> less buffer)
- Sudden chanes in ruminal microbes (Strep. bovis and Lactobacillus spp.)
- High concentration of VFAs reduce rumen motility
What can happen after ruminal acidosis?
- Bloat
- Dehydration
- Endotoxemia
What causes endotoxemia?
- Gram negative ruminal bacteria (endotoxin released from cell walls) killed by low ruminal pH
What is shock a result of?
- Dehydration
- Metabolic acidosis
- Endotoxemia
What are the signs of SARA?
Sub Acute Ruminal Acidosis
- Loose feces (diarrhea)
- Lameness (laminitis)
- Left displaced abomasum
- Low milk fat
What should be addressed when treating ruminal acidosis?
- Address the primary problem
- Address the sequelae
What are the treatments for ruminal acidosis?
- Antimicrobials
- Fluids
- NSAIDs
- Rumen alkalinizaers and laxatives
- B vitamins
- Rumenotomy
- Transfaunation
