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Abi Biology 2016 > Diffusion And Osmosis > Flashcards

Diffusion And Osmosis Flashcards

1
Q

What happens to particles when they are heated?

A

Their movement increases

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2
Q

How do particles move?

A

In random movements

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3
Q

What are atoms always doing?

A

Moving

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4
Q

How do you answer osmosis questions?

A

Figure out where the high concentration of WATER is, and draw an arrow from there to the low concentration of WATER

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5
Q

What must happen for cells to function correctly?

A

Raw materials needed for the processes of life need to enter the cells

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6
Q

How do raw materials enter the cell?

A

Through the semi permeable membrane

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7
Q

What are examples of raw materials that enter the cell?

A

Glucose
Water
Proteins/amino
Fats and lipids

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8
Q

What are examples of waste products?

A 
Excess water
Excess minerals and vitamins
Urea
Uris acid
Carbon dioxide
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9
Q

What is glucose used for?

A

Cellular respiration

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10
Q

What is water used for in a cell?

A

All chemical reactions

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11
Q

What are proteins in a cell used for?

A

Building of muscles
Hormones
Enzymes

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12
Q

What are fats and lipids used for in a cell?

A

Insulation

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13
Q

How does excess water exit the body?

A

Through sweat on the skin

Through urine in the kidneys

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14
Q

How do excess minerals and vitamins exit the body?

A

Through sweat in the skin

Through urine in the kidneys

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15
Q

How does urea exit the body?

A

Through sweat on the skin

Through urine in the kidneys

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16
Q

How does Uris acid exit the body?

A

Urine in the kidneys

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17
Q

How does carbon dioxide exit the body?

A

Through the lungs

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18
Q

What kinds of transport in a cell can you get?

A

Active

Passive

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19
Q

What are the types of active transport?

A

Protein pumps
Exocytosis
Endocytosis
Facilitated diffusion

20
Q

What are the types of passive transport?

A

Diffusion

Osmosis

21
Q

What is a solvent?

A

The substance in which a solute diffuses

22
Q

What is a solute?

A

A substance that dissolves into another

23
Q

What is a solution?

A

A mixture of a solute and a solvent

24
Q

What type of solutions are there?

A

Isotonic
Hypotonic
Hypertonic

25
Q

What is an isotonic solution?

A

A solution where the ratio of solute particles to water particles is the same as the ratio inside a cell

26
Q

What is it called when water particles will move equally in both directions?

A

Dynamic diffusion

27
Q

Which organ is responsible for making sure that blood is an isotonic solution?

A

The kidneys

28
Q

What is maintaining the correct water balance in the body called?

A

Osmoregulation

29
Q

What is a hypotonic solution?

A

A solution where the amount of water particles is greater than the amount of solute particles in relation to the inside of a cell

30
Q

What is an example of a hypotonic solution?

A

Distilled water

31
Q

What is a hypertonic solution?

A

A solution where the number of solute particles is greater than the number of water particles in relation to a cell

32
Q

What is an example of a hypertonic solution?

A

Salty solution

33
Q

In a hypertonic solution, what is the concentration of solute particles in the solution in relation to the cell?

A

High

34
Q

In a hypertonic solution, what is the concentration of solute particles inside a cell?

A

Moderate

35
Q

In a hypertonic solution, what is the water potential of a cell?

A

High

36
Q

In a hypertonic solution, what is the water potential of the solution?

A

Low

37
Q

In a hypertonic solution, what will happen to a cell?

A

The cell will shrivel

38
Q

Why will a cell do this in a hypertonic solution?

A

There is a higher concentration of water inside the cell , so the water particles will move to the lower concentration outside.

39
Q

In a hypotonic solution, what will be the concentration of solutes in the solution in relation to the cell?

A

Low

40
Q

In a hypotonic solution, what will the concentration of solutes be inside the cell?

A

Moderate

41
Q

In a hypotonic solution, what will the water potential of the cell be?

A

Low

42
Q

In a hypotonic solution, what will the water potential of the solution be?

A

High

43
Q

In a hypotonic solution, what will happen to a cell?

A

It will expand/burst

44
Q

Why will this happen to a cell in a hypotonic solution?

A

There is a lower concentration of water inside the cell, so the water particles will move from the higher concentration outside.

45
Q

What is an example of an isotonic solution?

A

Blood

Abi Biology 2016 (10 decks)

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