Diffusion, Active transport, Osmosis Flashcards
What is diffusion?
The net movement of particles across a medium from a high to low concentration (down the concentration gradient) until it reaches equilibrium.
How can the rate of diffusion be changed?
Temperature- the higher the temperature the more energy particles have therefore particles move faster.
The concentration gradient difference- the greater the difference the faster diffusion will occur.
If you encourage movement- stirring and wafting around will encourage particles to spread out evenly.
What is the net movement formula?
Net movement particles moving in - moving out
What is osmosis?
The net movement of water from a dilute to concentrated solution through a semi-permeable membrane.
What does hypotonic mean?
When the solution inside is more concentrated than the outside, so water wants to move inside through osmosis making the object bulge and maybe pop.
What does hypertonic mean?
When the solution inside is more dilute than the outside, so water wants to move outwards making the object shrivelled
What is active transport?
When a substance needs to travel against the concentration gradient, going from a low to high concentration through a semi permeable membrane, requiring energy.
What does a cell need to carry out active transport?
Lots of mitochondria to respire and produce energy for active transport.
