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Differential Diagnosis Flashcards

1
Q

DDx for adult infratentorial mass

A

MHAMS

Mets, hemangioblastoma, astrocytoma, medulloblastoma, subependymoma

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2
Q

DDx for adult supratentorial mass

A

MANOL

Mets, astrocytoma, central neurocytoma, oligodendroglioma, lymphoma

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3
Q

DDx for pediatric supratentorial neoplasms

A

GPEC

Glioma, PNET, ependymoma, choroid plexux tumors

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4
Q

DDx for pediatric infratentorial neoplasms

A

AMG ERC

Astrocytoma (pilocytic), medulloblastoma, ependymoma (floor of 4th vent), atypical rhabdoid teratoid tumor, choroid plexus papilloma

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5
Q

DDx for superficial gliomas

A

DNET, ganglioglioma, pleomorphic xanthoastrocytoma

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6
Q

DDx for adult suprasellar mass

A

Adenoma, meningioma, aneurysm

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7
Q

DDx for pediatric suprasellar mass

A

Craniopharyngioma, Rathke’s cleft cyst, glioma, hypothalamic harmatoma, germinoma, LCH

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8
Q

DDx for infundibular mass

A

MD GELS

Mets, dermoid, germinoma, EG, lymphoma, sarcoma

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9
Q

DDx for infundibular cyst

A

Rathke cleft cyst

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10
Q

DDx for pineal region mass

A

GTP

Germinoma, teratoma, pineal parenchymal tumors, pineoblastoma, pineocytoma, vein of Galen aneurysm

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11
Q

DDx for CP angle tumors

A

SAME

Schwannoma, arachnoid cyst, meningioma, epidermoid

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12
Q

DDx for septum pellucidum region tumors

A

Central neurocytoma, supependymoma,

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13
Q

DDx for lateral ventricle mass, anterior

A

Subependymoma, central neurocytoma, subependymal giant cell tumor, ependymoma, astrocytoma

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14
Q

DDx for lateral ventricle mass, posterior

A

Choroid plexus tumors, meningioma, mets

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15
Q

DDx for third ventricle cyst

A

Colloid cyst

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16
Q

DDx for fourth ventricle mass

A

Ependymoma, subependymoma, choroid plexus tumors

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17
Q

DDx for cystic mass with nodule

A

PGP H

Pilocytic astrocytoma, ganglioglioma, pleomorphic astrocytoma, hemangioblastoma

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18
Q

DDx for ependymal enhancement

A

CMV, lymphoma

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19
Q

DDx for pediatric parenchymal calcifications

A

CMV (periventricular), toxoplasmosis (diffuse)

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20
Q

DDx for leptomeningeal enhancement

A

Bacterial, carcinomatosis, lymphoma

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21
Q

DDx for thick parenchymal enhancement

A

SICI

Sarcoid, intracranial hypotension, carcinomatosis, infection

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22
Q

DDx for basilar meningitis

A

TB, fungal

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23
Q

DDx for bilateral basal ganglia abnormality

A

NH4

NF1, hepatic encephalopathy, hyperalimentation, hyper/hypo/pseudohypothyroidism), hypoxia/anoxia

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24
Q

DDx for hypoxia

A

Acute, CO, toxins, enzyme deficiencies

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25
Q

DDx for caudate atrophy

A

Huntington’s

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26
Q

DDx for basal ganglia calfications

A

HIV, calcium-phosphate metabolism

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27
Q

DDx for abnormal ventricles

A

Max hydrocephalus, hydranencephaly, holoprosencephaly

28
Q

DDx for intraparenchymal hemorrhage

A

AHA MPH

AVM, HTN hemorrhage, amyloid angiopathy, mets, primary neoplasms, herpes

29
Q

DDx for adult diffuse white matter disease

A

HB RT

HIV, Binswenger, radiation, toluene

30
Q

DDx for pediatric diffuse white matter disease

A

Adrenoleukodystrophy, dysmyelinating disease

31
Q

DDx for discreet white matter lesions

A

HIMA LV

HTN, ischemia, MS, ADEM, lyme disease, vasculitides

32
Q

DDx for PRES

A

Eclampsia, cyclosporine, HUS

33
Q

DDx for U fiber T1 hyperintensities

34
Q

DDx for fetal hydrocephalus

A

ABCD

Aqueductal stenosis, bleed, Chiari II, Dandy-Walker

35
Q

DDx for adult hydrocephalus

A

MBM

Meningitis, bleed, mass

36
Q

DDx for multiple masses

A

D MAT

Demyelinating lesions, mets, abscesses, TB

37
Q

DDx for corpus callosum mass

A

GBM, lymphoma

38
Q

DDx for pontine T2 hyperintensities

A

Central pontine myelinolysis, infarct (check basilar artery)

39
Q

DDx for posterior fossa cysts

A

Dandy-Walker, mega cisterna magna, arachnoid cyst

40
Q

DDx for elongated superior cerebellar peduncles

A

Vermian agenesis

41
Q

DDx for restricted diffusion

A

I EAB

Infarct, epidermoid, abscess, blood when bright on T1, glioma, meningioma, lymphoma

42
Q

DDx for congenital developmental spinal lesions

A

NADEL AC

Neurenteric cyst, arachnoid cyst, dermoid/epidermoid, lipoma, AVM, cavernoma

43
Q

DDx for spinal infection/inflammation/trauma

A

SAMMAH

Sarcoid, arachnoiditis, meningitis, myelitis, abscess, hematoma

44
Q

DDx for tumors of the spine

A

EHA MSN Mets Lymp

Ependymoma, hemangioblastoma, astrocytoma, meningioma, Schwannoma, neurofibroma

45
Q

DDx for diffuse intramedullary high T2 signal in the spine

A

Myelitis, glioma

46
Q

DDx for central owl sign in the spine

A

Infarct, west nile virus

47
Q

DDx for extradural processes in the spine

A

DSL

Disk disease, synovial cyst, lipomatosis

48
Q

DDx for extradural bone lesions in the spine

A

COOMAG

Chordoma, osteosarcoma, osteoblastoma, myeloma, aneurysmal bone cyst, giant cell tumor

49
Q

DDx for multiple cerebellar and cord lesions

A

Hemangioblastoma (VHL), mets

50
Q

DDx for leptomeningeal enhancement

A

Meningitis, mets, lymphoma

51
Q

DDx for gray matter involvement

A

Ischemia, viral

52
Q

DDx for multiple cord masses

A

Sarcoid, MS, lymphoma, mets, hemangioblastoma

53
Q

DDx for long tract involement

A

ALS, GBS, B12 def

54
Q

DDx for basal ganglia calcifications

A

Senescent, phosphate and calcium, post-inflammatory, HIV in utero, Fahr disease

55
Q

DDx for suprasellar cyst

A

Ependymal, arachnoid, colloid, epidermoid, cysticercosis, cystic craniopharyngioma

56
Q

DDx for large ventricles

A

Alobar holoprosencephaly, hydrocephalus, hydranencephaly

57
Q

DDx for pituitary stalk thickening

A

LCH, germinoma, infection, lymphoproliferative disorders, sarcoidosis

58
Q

DDx for cystic mass with enhancing mural nodule

A

Pilocytic astrocytoma, hemangioblastoma, mets

59
Q

DDx for central hyperintensity of the cord

A

Hydromyelia, syringomyelia, syringobulbia

60
Q

DDx for posterior column disease

A

B12 def, nitrous oxide abuse

61
Q

DDx for convexity SAH

A

Venous thrombosis, dural AVF, amyloid angiopathy, aneurysm

62
Q

DDx for supratentorial, intra-axial tumors

A

Primary: glioma (astrocytoma, GBM, oligodendrioglioma, ependymoma, DNET/PNET, lymphoma)

Secondary: intraparenchymal mets

63
Q

DDx for supratentorial, extra-axial tumors

A

Primary: meningioma, pituitary adenoma, epidermoid, dermoid, bone tumors

Secondary: leptomengingeal mets

64
Q

DDx for intratentorial, intra-axial tumors

A

Primary: astrocytoma, medulloblastoma (PNET), ependymoma, brainstem glioma, hemangioblastoma

Secondary: intraparenchymal mets

65
Q

DDx for intratentorial, extra-axial tumors

A

Primary: schwannoma, meningioma, (epi)dermoid, chordoma

Secondary: leptomeningeal mets

66
Q

DDx for superficial tumor with homogenous enhancement

A

Meningioma, lymphoma, anaplastic astrocytoma, mes

67
Q

DDx for a cyst with enhancing mural nodule

A

Pilocytic astrocytoma, hemangioblasotma, pleomorphic xanthoastrocytoma, ganglioglioma

x_ RITE Review (34 decks)

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