Child Neurology HY Flashcards
Anterior neuropore fusion defects
anencephaly, encephalocele
Posterior neuropore fusion defects
spina bifida, myelomeningocele
Tells notochord to become mesoderm
sonic hedgehog
Signal for lateral epidermal ectoderm
bone morphogenic proteins
Risk factors for NTDs (4)
folate def, DM, AEDs, vitamin A toxicity
cell of origin of CNS
ectoderm from neural tube
cell of origin of PNS
ectoderm from neural crest cells
cell of origin of vertebral bodies
mesoderm of notochord
balloon cells
focal cortical dysplasia
reduced visual acuity , panhypopituitarism , absent septum pellucidum
septo-optic dysplasia
smooth brain small chin thin upper lip, intractable seizures
lissencephaly type I, Miller-dieker, LIS1 gene on chrom 17 disorder of microtubules and dynein
smooth brain in males, double brain in females
DCX gene (doublecortin) x-linked
Three disorders with cobblestone cortical malformations
Walker-Warburg, Fukuyama MD, muscle-eye-brain disease
Molar tooth sign
Joubert syndrome, cerebellar hypoplasia
childhood obesity and intellectual disability
prader-willi, laurence-moon
inappropriate laughter, arm flapping, MRDD, seizures, prominent jaw
Angelman’s
Genetics of Prader-willi and Angelmans
both chrom 15 (Prader-Paternal and angelmans mAternal inheritance)
Developmental regression 6-18mos with hand wringing and microcephaly
Rett’s, MECP2
Cafe au lait
NF 1
shagreen patch
Tuberous-Sclerosis
Gene/chrom for NF 1
Neurofibromin chrom 17
NF2 gene/chrom
Merlin chrom 22
axillary/inguinal freckles
NF1
Lisch’s nodules
iris hamartomas NF1
Subependymal giant cell astrocytoma
Tuberous Sclerosis
Sphenoid wing dysplasia
NF1