AED Mechanisms Flashcards

1
Q

Acetazolamide

A

Carbonic anhidrase inhibitor

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2
Q

Carbamazepine

A

Prevention of repetitive firing of Na

Also works on Ca L type channels

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3
Q

Clobazam

A

GABAa receptor agonist

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4
Q

Clonazepam

A

GABAa receptor agonist

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5
Q

Eslicarbazepine

A

Similar to CBZ, i.e., inhibition of voltage gated Na channels.

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6
Q

Ethosuximide

A

Reduces thalamic low-threshold T-type calcium currents in thalamic neurons.

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7
Q

Ezogabine

A

Potassium channel opener, particularly KCNQ2-5 channels

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8
Q

Felbamate

A

Inhibition of NMDA

Potentiation of GABAa receptor.


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9
Q

Gabapentin

A

Modulates voltage gated calcium channels.

Binds to the α2γ modulatory subunit of voltage-sensitive calcium channels

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10
Q

Lacosamide

A

Binds to collapsing response mediator protein 2 (CRMP-2), which is associated with neuronal outgrowth.

Enhances slow inactivation of voltage gated Na channels, resulting in stabilization of neuronal membranes.


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11
Q

Lamotrigine

A

Inhibition of voltage gated Na channels.

Inhibits high-voltage calcium currents (mediated by multiple channel types, N,P/Q,T-types).


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12
Q

Levetiracetam

A

Acts on the synaptic vesicle protein 2A (SV2A).

Inhibits N type Ca currents.

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13
Q

Oxcarbazepine

A

Metabolite MHD is a blocker of voltage-gated Na channel

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14
Q

Perampanel

A

Non competitive antagonist of AMPA receptors on post-synpatic neurons.

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15
Q

Phenytoin

A

Blockage of voltage-sensitive Na channels

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16
Q

Pregabalin

A

Decreases central excitability by binding to auxiliary subunit of high-voltage Ca channel.

17
Q

Rufinamide

A

Reduces the recovery capacity of Na channels, prolonging their inactive state.

18
Q

Tiagabine

A

Inhibits GABA re-uptake into neurons or glia.

19
Q

Topiramate

A

Blockage of voltage dependent Na channels

Increase in GABAa receptor activity.



AMPA/kaynate antagonist

.

Carbonic anhydrase inhibition.

20
Q

Valproate

A

Inhibition of voltage-sensitive Na channels.



Activation of K conductance.

Increases

GABA by inhibition of GABA-transaminase (GABA-T).



Possibly reduces low threshold (T-type) Ca channel current. Reduces Ca L-type channels.

21
Q

Vigabatrin

A

Inhibition of GABA-T, preventing the breakdown of GABA, increasing its concentration.

22
Q

Zonisimide

A

Blocks repetitive firing of voltage Na channels.



It reduces T-type calcium current without affecting L-type current.



It exerts mild carbonic anhydrase inhibition. 


23
Q

Phenobarbital

A

Main mechanism is post-synaptic binding of GABAa receptors (prolongs opening time, increasing Cl influx).