Diet Flashcards
What are the 8 diet requirements?
Macro/micro nutrients Carbohydrates Fats Proteins Vitamins Minerals Water Fibre
What the types of food in macronutrients?
Carbohydrates, fats and protein.
Why are carbohydrates important?
They help to provide energy in exercise.
What are the two types of carbohydrates?
Complex and simple.
Where are carbohydrates stored and in what form?
The liver and muscles and in the form of glycogen.
What types of food are complex carbohydrates?
Natural foods such as bananas and wholemeal rice.
What types of food are simple carbohydrates?
Their natural form is in fruit and vegetables but their refined form includes biscuits and chocolate.
Why are fats important?
They provide energy and with glycogen help muscles to work.
What types of food are fats?
Butter and cooking oils but also foods such as bacon and cheese.
Why are proteins important?
They help to build muscles and repair damaged tissue.
When is the ideal time to have protein?
Immediately after exercise.
What two types of protein are there?
Animal protein and plant or vegetable protein.
What types of food are micronutrients found in?
Vitamins and minerals
What are the two types of vitamins?
Water soluble vitamins and fat soluble vitamins
What are the functions of vitamins?
Blood clotting, healing and other functions
What foods can you find vitamins in?
Milk, cheese, meat, fruit, vegetables and fish
What are two key minerals?
Calcium and iron
Why is calcium important?
It is important in the formation of bones and teeth and helps to make the bones strong
Where can you find calcium?
Milk and cheese
Why is iron important?
Without iron the blood would not be able to carry oxygen around the body as it is linked with haemoglobin
Where can you find iron?
In many foods such as meat
What are other examples of minerals?
Sodium and potassium
Why is water important for a healthy diet?
It holds oxygen and transports nutrients, waste and hormones around the body and controls the distribution of electrolytes and controls temperature
Why is fibre important for a healthy diet?
It aids the digestive system which cannot operate and get rid of waste products without a healthy lifestyle
What are the two types of fibre?
Soluble and insoluble
What is carbohydrate loading?
A strategy endurance athletes use to maximise the stores of glycogen in their muscles and liver
What is energy balance?
The basis of weight control. It means eating and using up (through exercising) an equal number of calories.
