Diarrhoea Flashcards
Anti-motility Drugs MOA
relaxes the smooth muscles in the intestinal wall increasing the transit time for water absorption
Anti-motility Drugs
- loperamide
- co-phenotrope (dhamotil)
Absorbents MOA
adsorb viruses and bacterial toxins that is irritating the intestinal wall
Adsorbents Drugs
- activated charcoal
- kaolin
Side effects of Loperamide and co-phenotrope
- constipation
- nausea and vomiting
- bloating
Counselling points for Loperamide
stop taking once diarrhea has stopped
Contraindication for Loperamide
children less than 2 years old
Dosing for Loperamide
4mg initially followed by 2mg after every loose stool
Dosing for co-phenotrope
4mg or 2 tabs QDS max 20mg a day
Counselling points for co-phenotrope
- stop taking once diarrhea stops
2. drug may cause dizziness and drowsiness. Do not drive or operate machinery
Dosing for activated charcoal
PO 3-4 capsules TDS
Side effects of activated charcoal
black stools
Contraindication for activated charcoal
children less than 1 year
Counselling points for activated charcoal
space 2 hours apart from other medications
side effects of kaolin
may cause electrolyte imbalance
counselling points for kaolin
space 2 hours apart from other medicine
Probiotics MOA
Restores essential bacteria in digestive tract and help limit the growth of gastroenteritis-causing microorganisms
Probiotics drug
Lacteol fort
dosing for Lacteol fort
Children:
2 sachets
Adults:
4 sachets
Side effects for Lacteol fort
no side effects, makes it suitable for everyone
Special counselling points
granules may be added to meals/drinks
Electrolytes drug
oral rehydration salts
oral rehydration salt dosing
200-400 ml after every loose stool
Side effects for oral rehydration salt
no side effects, suitable for everyone
