Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

PPP > Antibiotics I > Flashcards

Antibiotics I Flashcards

1
Q

Which antibiotics target cell envelop?

A

Cloxacillin
amoxicillin
co-amoxiclav

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Which antibiotics target cell exterior?

A

Cloxacillin
amoxicillin
co-amoxiclav

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Which antibiotics block protein production

A 
chloramphenicol
gentamicin
erythromycin
clarithromycin
azithromycin
tetracycline
doxycycline
chlortetracycline
lincosamides
nitrofurantoin
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

What is the classification of Cloxacillin?

A

anti-staphylococcal penicillin

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

What is the classification of amoxicillin?

A

broad spectrum penicillin

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

what is the classification of co-amoxiclav

A

broad spectrum with beta-lactamase inhibitor penicillin

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

What is the dosage for cloxacillin

A

250-200mg q6h

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

what is the dosage for amoxicillin

A

PO 500mg-1g q8h

max 3g

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

what is the dosage of co-amoxiclav

A

mild-moderate infection:
625mg

severe infection:
1g 1 tablet q12h

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

side effects of penicillins

A

GI irritation: diarrhoea/loose stools

hypersensitivity reactions: rashes

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Contraindication of penicillins

A

hypersensitivity to penicillin

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

counselling point of penicillins

A
  • medication can cause diarrhoea as it also kills good bacteria in the gut but can be reduced with probiotics
  • space the doses evenly throughout the day
  • keep taking this medicine until the course is finished unless you are told to stop
  • if hypersensitivity occurs, stop taking & seek doctor
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

What are the counselling points that all oral antibiotics should have?

A
  • medication can cause diarrhoea as it also kills good bacteria in the gut but can be reduced with probiotics
  • space the doses evenly throughout the day
  • keep taking this medicine until the course is finished unless you are told to stop
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Cephalosporins Drugs

A

Cephalexin/Cefalexin

Cefuroxime

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

What can cephalexin and cefuroxime replace?

A

Penicillin, suitable for those who are allergic

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Dosing for Cefalexin

A

250mg - 2g q6-8h
OR
500mg q12h

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

Dosing for Cefuroxime

A

PO 250-500mg q12h

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

What is cefalexin classified under

A

first-generation

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

What is cefuroxime classified under

A

second-generation

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

Counselling points of Cefalexin

A
  • medication can cause diarrhoea as it also kills good bacteria in the gut but can be reduced with probiotics
  • space the doses evenly throughout the day
  • keep taking this medicine until the course is finished unless you are told to stop
  • if hypersensitivity occurs, stop taking & seek doctor
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

Counselling points of Cefuroxime

A
  • medication can cause diarrhoea as it also kills good bacteria in the gut but can be reduced with probiotics
  • space the doses evenly throughout the day
  • keep taking this medicine until the course is finished unless you are told to stop
  • if hypersensitivity occurs, stop taking & seek doctor
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

Types of Chloramphenicol

A
  • Chloramphenicol 0.5% eye drops
  • Chloramphenicol 1% eye ointment
  • Chloramphenicol 5% ear drops
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

Dosing for Chloramphenicol 0.5% eye drops

A

1-2 drops q2-4h

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

Dosing for Chloramphenicol 1% eye ointment

A

3-4 small amounts 3-4 times daily

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
Q

Dosing for Chloramphenicol ear drops

A

2-3 drops BD-TDS

26
Q

Side effects of Chloramphenicol

A

stinging or burning after instillation

27
Q

Counselling points for Chloramphenicol

A
  • continue to apply eye drops for at least 48 hours after symptoms resolved
  • contact lenses should not be worn until 24 hours after the infection has completely restored
28
Q

Drugs of Gentamicin

A

ophthalmic gentamicin

topical gentamicin

29
Q

Dosing for ophthalmic gentamicin

A

1-2 drops q4h (eye drops)

apply small amount BD-TDS (eye ointment)

30
Q

Dosing for topical gentamicin

A

apply on affected area twice daily

31
Q

Side effects of ophthalmic gentamicin

A

ocular irritation

32
Q

counselling points for ophthalmic gentamicin

A
  • continue to apply eye drops for at least 48 hours after symptoms resolved
  • contact lenses should not be worn until 24 hours after the infection has completely restored
33
Q

Drug of Macrolides

A
  • Erythromycin
  • Clarithromycin
  • Azithromycin
34
Q

Spectrum of activity of Macrolides

A

narrow spectrum

35
Q

Dosing for erythromycin

A

PO 250-500mg q6-12h

36
Q

Side effects of Erythromycin

A

Nausea & vomitting
diarrhoea
abdominal pain

37
Q

What drug does Erythromycin interacts with?

A

Drugs that are metabolized by CYP3A4 enzymes.

e.g rifampicin

38
Q

Counselling points for erythromycin

A
  • to be taken on an empty stomach, 2 hours before or after meals
  • swallow whole, do not chew or crush
39
Q

Dosing for Clarithromycin

A

250-500mg q12h

40
Q

Side effects for Clarithromycin

A

Nausea & vomitting
diarrhoea
abdominal pain

41
Q

Contraindication for Erythromycin

A
  • prolonged use of statins

- hypersensitivity to macrolides or ketolides

42
Q

Contraindication of Clarithromycin

A
  • prolonged use of statins

- hypersensitivity to macrolides or ketolides

43
Q

Does Clarithromycin have any drug interactions?

A

Drugs that are metabolized by CYP3A4 enzymes.

e.g rifampicin

44
Q

Counselling points of Clarithromycin

A
  • Can be taken with or without food

- may cause diarrhoea/loose stools, take in probiotics

45
Q

Dosing for Azithromycin

A

PO 500mg OD

46
Q

Side effects of Azithromycin

A

nausea & vomitting
diarrhoea
abdominal pain

47
Q

Counselling points for Azithromycin

A

can be taken with or without food

48
Q

Drugs for tetracyclines

A
  • tetracycline

- doxycycline

49
Q

Spectrum of activity for tetracyclines

A

broad spectrum

50
Q

Dosing for Tetracycline

A

250-500mg q6h-q12h

51
Q

Side effects of Tetracycline

A

nausea & vomitting
diarrhoea
photosensitivity

52
Q

Contraindication of tetracycline

A
  • children less than 8

- 2nd and 3rd trimester of pregnancy

53
Q

Counselling points for tetracyclines

A
  • take 1hr before food or 2 hours after food
  • patients to avoid sunlight or sun lamps, apply sunblock
  • medication can cause loose stools/diarrhoea, take probiotics
  • space doses evenly throughout the day
  • finish the course unless told to stop
54
Q

Dosing for Doxycycline

A

PO 100-200mg OD in 1-2 divided doses

55
Q

Side effects of doxycycline

A
  • Oesophageal injury

- upper abdominal pain

56
Q

Contraindication of Doxycycline

A
  • children less than 8

- 2nd and 3rd trimester of pregnancy

57
Q

Counselling point for doxycycline

A
  • capsules and tablets should be swallowed whole with plenty of water, while sitting or standing
  • capsules should be taken with or soon after food
  • preferred to take in the morning
  • do not take antacids/ medications containing iron, calcium, or zinc 2 hours after taking this medication
  • prevent exposure to sunlight or sun lamps, wear sunblock
58
Q

Indication for Chlortetracycline

A

bacterial eye infections

59
Q

dosing for chlortetracycline

A

apply thin strip of 1% ointment every 2-4 hours or more frequently

60
Q

side effects of chlortetracycline

A
  • burning sensation in the eyes

- contact dermatitis

61
Q

Contraindication of chlortetracycline

A
  • herpersensitivity to tetracyclines

- pregnancy and breastfeeding

62
Q

Counselling points of chlortetracycline

A

counsel on administration of eye ointment

PPP (14 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions