Dialect Flashcards

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1
Q

What is the British non-regional dialect?

A

Standard English

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2
Q

What is dialect?

A

Words and Grammar

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3
Q

What is an example of regional dialect lexis?

A

cruckle (verb and noun) to twist ones ankle

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4
Q

What is an example of regional dialect grammar?

A

ain’t (verb) negated contracted form of the verb “to be”

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5
Q

What is an example of Regional Lexis in Manchester?

A

Cocker (noun)

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6
Q

What is an example of regional semantics in Manchester?

A

Pants to mean trousers

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7
Q

What is an example of a regional idiom in Manchester?

A

I am Keen

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8
Q

The Manchester dialect has 7 examples of regional grammar, what are they?

A
  1. Non-standard copular
  2. Multiple Negation
  3. Non-standard auxiliary “be”
  4. Non-standard auxiliary “never”
  5. “them” as a determiner
  6. double subject
  7. non-standard “us” as singular
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9
Q

In the Manchester Dialect, what is an example of a non-standard copular?

A

I were late

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10
Q

In the Manchester Dialect, what is an example of multiple negation?

A

I didn’t do nothing

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11
Q

In the Manchester Dialect, what is an example of a non-standard auxiliary “be”?

A

I ain’t going

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12
Q

In the Manchester Dialect, what is an example of a non-standard auxiliary “never”?

A

I never done it

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13
Q

In the Manchester Dialect, what is an example of “them” as a determiner?

A

I like them shoes

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14
Q

In the Manchester Dialect, what is an example of a double subject?

A

He’s mad him

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15
Q

In the Manchester Dialect, what is an example of a non-standard “us” as singular?

A

Give us a ring

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16
Q

Who identified dialect levelling?

A

Paul Kerswill

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17
Q

What is Dialect Levelling?

A

Where local variations die out and regional dialects die out.

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18
Q

In Dialect Levelling why do local variations and regional dialects die out?

A
  1. Geographical mobility results in greater dialect contact between commuters
  2. Social mobility and consequent breakdown of tight knit working class communities
  3. Increased interaction with people of other speech varieties
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19
Q

Why is the Surrey Dialect dying out?

A

It’s population is highly mobile, with many of its residents having moved there from London and are highly educated.

20
Q

In the Surrey Dialect, what does “bannick” mean?

A

To beat or thrash

21
Q

In the Surrey Dialect, what does “timmersome” mean?

A

Timid

22
Q

What non-standard feature of the Surrey Dialect is in “How be you?”

A

Non-standard copular be

23
Q

What non standard feature of the Surrey Dialect is in “grow’d”, “know’d” and “see’d”?

A

Non-standard Past Tense of Strong Verbs

24
Q

What does Social Network Theory look at?

A

The effect that the size and diversity of your social group has on your language

25
Q

What is your “social network”?

A

The people you know and the relationships between them.

26
Q

Who did the Reading Study?

A

Jenny Cheshire

27
Q

How many non-standard features did Cheshire identify in her Reading Study?

A

11

28
Q

Give five examples of the non-standard features Cheshire identified in her Reading Study

A
  1. Non-Standard “s” inflection
  2. Non-Standard copular
  3. Ain’t as negated “be”
  4. Non-Standard “never as negator
  5. Multiple Negation
29
Q

In Cheshire’s Reading Study, what is an example of the Non-Standard “s” inflection?

A

They calls me names

30
Q

In Cheshire’s Reading Study, what is an example of the Non-Standard copular?

A

You was with me, wasn’t you?

31
Q

In Cheshire’s Reading Study, what is an example of Ain’t as negated “be”?

A

It ain’t got no pedigree or nothing

32
Q

In Cheshire’s Reading Study, what is an example of the Non-Standard “never” as a negator?

A

I never went to school today

33
Q

In Cheshire’s Reading Study, what is an example of Multiple Negation?

A

You ain’t no boss

34
Q

In Cheshire’s Reading Study, how many non-standard features did boys use more than girls?

A

10

35
Q

In Cheshire’s Reading Study, what three groups were the boys divided into?

A
  1. Core members
  2. Secondary members
  3. non-members
36
Q

In Cheshire’s Reading Study, what did 6 of the features have a direct correlation with?

A

Network Strength

37
Q

What did Cheshire assign each of the boys in her Reading Study?

A

A Vernacular Cultural Index Score

38
Q

How did Cheshire assign a Vernacular Cultural Index Score in her Reading Study?

A

By looking at hair style, knife carrying etc.

39
Q

In Cheshire’s Reading Study, which boys used the most Non-Standard features?

A

Highest Status boys

40
Q

In Cheshire’s Reading Study, how did she divide the girls?

A

Bad girls and good girls

41
Q

What did Cheshire find about non-standard features in relation to the girls?

A

All of the non-standard features were used more by the “bad girls” than the “good girls”

42
Q

Who did Matched Guise Experiments?

A

Howard Giles and Dixon Mahoney and Cox

43
Q

In Giles’ Matched Guise Experiment, what accents did he use?

A

Birmingham and R.P.

44
Q

In Giles’ Matched Guise Experiment which accent was consistently judged to be more intelligent?

A

R.P.

45
Q

In Dixon Mahoney and Cox’s Matched Guise Experiment, what accents did they use?

A

Birmingham and R.P.

46
Q

In Dixon Mahoney and Cox’s Matched Guise Experiment, which accent was significantly more likely to be considered guilty?

A

Birmingham