Diagnosis of Foetal Health

Question 1

Ultrasound-Diagnosis method

Answer 1

High Frequency Soundwaves produce an image of the foetus
Uses include
-confirming pregnancy
-Estimating stage of pregnancy

Question 2

Genetic Analysis

Answer 2

Chromosomes in cells of foetus can be examined in a karyotype to detect defective, missing or additional chromosomes
-Obtained from amniocentesis or chorionic villi sampling

Question 3

Amniocentesis

Answer 3

10-20mL of amniotic fluid is taken during 16-20 weeks into pregnancy
Can detect disorders such as Down Syndrome and Spina bifida

Question 4

Chorionic Villus Sampling

Answer 4

Specimen of foetal cells from the chorion
Advantage:
Can take place earlier than amniocentesis
Disadvantages:
Risk of miscarriage is 2%
Cannot diagnose spina bifida

Question 5

Blood test

Answer 5

-6 weeks after conception mothers blood can be tested for genetic disorders
-Simpler as blood is taken from arm of mother

Question 6

Fetoscopy

Answer 6

Foetus can be examined through a telescope-like instrument (Fetoscope)
Introduced to uterus through abdominal wall
Can check for physical abnormalities

Question 7

Foetal monitoring

Answer 7

Recording of baby’s heart rate

Question 8

Biochemical analysis

Answer 8

Marker protein assessment
High concentrations indicate malformation

Samples can be collected from blood or amniotic fluid

Can detect
Spina bifida