Contraception Flashcards
Abstinence
Not having sex at all
Rhythm Method
Using calender to detect fertile days
Ovulation occurs on 14th day of the month
Egg survives for 2 days after fertilisation and sperm 4
As a result sexual intercourse should be abstained from 4 days before and after ovulation
Temperature Method
Ovulation is accompanied by a sharp drop the day before and then rise in body temperature
Sexual intercourse is fine three days after the rise in body temperature
Mucus Method
After menstruation vaginal orifice is dry
Closer to menstruation mucus is produced, initially being cloudy and sticky, but becomes clearer closer to ovulation
When ovulation occurs mucus is at is clearest
intercourse is safe more than 3 days after the clearest mucus or when vagina is dry
Symptothermal method
Combination of calendar method and/or mucus + temperature method
Lactational Amenorrhea
Period after pregnancy in which the mother is temporarily infertile
Safe when mother is consistenly breastfeeding, not menstruating and newborn is under six months
Coitus Interruptus
Action of pulling out before ejaculation
Unreliable due to pre cum and degree of self control required
Condom
Thin latex rubber rolled over penis
Protects against STIs
Female Condom
Sheath which is inserted into the vagina preventing semen from being deposited
Protects against STIs
Cervical cap
Cap fitted directly over cervix
requires proper fitting
Should be used with spermicide fior high effectiveness
Spermicides
Chemicals that imobilise and destroy sperm
React with moisture in the vagina that form bubbles acting as a physical barrier to sperm
Available as creams, foams and tablets
Should be used with other mechanical barriers
Hormonal contraception
Use of pills preventing menstruation, or that alter endometrium lining
Combined pill-contains oestrogen and progoesterone like-substances that prevent alter endometrium lining and thicken cervical mucus
mini-pill- similar to combined pill but contains only progoesterone like substance
Hormone implant
Soft plastic stick inserted beneath skin releasing progestogen and preventing ovulation
Vaginal ring
Oestrogen and progoesterone released in small amounts by ring placed in vagina
Side effect:
May cause clots in veins or arteries
Emergency contraception
Can stop pregnancy after sex instead of before
Works by preventing or delaying ovulation, preventing sperm from reaching egg or preventing blastocyst from implanting on endometrium
