Diafepam Flashcards
Drugs - Pharmacology
1
Q
Class
A
Benzodiazepine
2
Q
Classification
A
Sedative/ Hypnotic/ Anxiolytic
3
Q
Actions
A
Anti-convulsant
4
Q
Antidote
A
Flumazenil
5
Q
Legislation
A
- Controlled Drug Classification (class C)
- Schedule 4 drug - only under prescription otherwise offence.
6
Q
Presentation
A
Glass Ampule - 10mg/ 2ml (milky oil in water emulsion)
Rectal Tube - 2.5mg stesolid or 5mg stesolid
7
Q
Pharmacological Action
A
- Anxiolytic, sedative, sleep-inducing, anticonvulsant and muscle relaxant properties
- Acts on CNS
8
Q
Benzodiazepines Function
A
Bind to a GABA receptor and enhance effect of neuro transmitter at the synapse as a neuro inhibitor.
Also Causes anterograde amnesia
9
Q
Pharmacokinetics
A
- Elimination half-life: 20-70 hours
- onset of action: 1-5 minutes
- duration of action: 15-120 minutes
10
Q
Indication
A
- Active seizure
- Seizures lasting longer than 5 mins
- Repetitive seizures
- febrile convulsions
- convulsion due to poison or withdrawal
- eclamptic Fits
11
Q
Contra-Indication
A
Seizure is a result of hypoxia or hypoglycaemia
12
Q
IV administration
A
- Draw up 10mg/2ml in appropriate syringe (up 20mg max dose in adults)
- administer slowly
- cardiac monitoring required
- pulse oximetry and Oxygen required
13
Q
Adverse Effects
A
- CNS: Depression
- Resp: Depression (Rapid Administration)
- CVS: Hypotension (large dosages and rapid administrations)
- Nausea, vomiting
- Diplopia
- Thrombophlebitis
- Paradoxical excitation
- Physical and psychological dependence
14
Q
Cautions
A
- Patient with persistent convulsions, must not be used if patient cannot be artificially ventilated
- administered along with alcohol, other anti-depressants or CNS depressants can enhance effects of respiratory depression
15
Q
Pharmacokinetics
A
- Strong absorption via intestine
- Metabolised via liver
- Metabolites still active - 20-100hr half life
