Diabetes Drugs Flashcards
1
Q
Name the drugs used to treat diabetes
A
Insulin Metformin Sulphonylureas Alpha-glucosidase inhibitors SGLT2 inhibitors
2
Q
What are the sub-types of insulin treatments? Give an example of each
A
Ultrafast (aspart) Rapid (novorapid) Short (humulin s) Intermediate (humulin I) Long (detemir) Very long (degludec)
3
Q
Adverse effects of insulin?
A
Hypoglycaemia Hyperglycaemia Lipodystrophy Painful injection Insulin allergies
4
Q
What is the action of metformin?
A
Increases glucose uptake by tissues
Decreases hepatic gluconeogenesis
5
Q
What are the benefits of metformin treatment?
A
Limits weight gain
Decreases the likelihood of CVS events
6
Q
Side effects of metformin?
A
GI disturbances Vitamin B12 deficiency (uncommon) Lactic acidosis (rare)
7
Q
Action of sulphonylureas?
A
Stimulates beta cells to release insulin
8
Q
Side effects of sulphonylureas?
A
Weight gain
Hypoglycaemia
9
Q
Benefits of sulphonylureas?
A
Decreases microvascular risk
10
Q
Where do SGLT2 inhibitors work?
A
PCT (reducing glucose reabsorption)
