Asthma Treatment Flashcards
What are the drugs used to treat asthma?
Beta agonists
Inhaled corticosteroids
Combo
What is the function of beta agonists in Asthma treatment?
Relieves symptoms
What is the function of inhaled corticosteroids in asthma?
Improves symptoms and lung function
Reduces exacerbations
Prevents death
Give some examples of inhaled corticosteroids
Budesonide
Beclomethasone
Fluticasone
Give an example of a combined LABA and ICS
Symbicort
How would you manage acute severe asthma?
Oxygen high flow - 94-98% sat Nebuliser salbutamol Oral prednisolone for 10-14 days Nebuliser ipratropium bromide If no improvement - IV aminophylline
What drug can be used to treat COPD?
LAMA (Long-acting muscarinic agonists)
Give an example of SABA
Salbutamol
Terbutaline
Give an example of LABA and what is it always prescribed in conjunction with?
Formoterol
Salmeterol
Used in conjunction with ICS
Why can’t beta-2 agonists be used too regularly?
Mast cell degranulation in response to allergen
Increases and worsens asthma control
What is the action of beta-2 agonists in asthma?
Binds to B2 receptors and relaxes airway smooth muscle
Prevents bronchoconstriction
What are the ADRs of beta-2 agonists?
Adrenergic:
Tachycardia
Palpitations
Tremor
What final add-on drugs that can be used for severe asthma control?
Leukotriene receptor antagonists
Methylxantines
LAMA (final shot)
What is the mechanism of action of LAMA?
Binds to M3 receptors in the lungs
Prevents bronchoconstriction caused by receptor activation due to ACh released from parasympathetic fibres
Counteracts parasympathetics
What are the ADRs of LAMA?
Anti cholinergic:
Dry mouth
Urinary retention
Glaucoma
