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CPT (Milpa) > Cancer Drugs And Chemotherapy > Flashcards

Cancer Drugs And Chemotherapy Flashcards

1
Q

What drug is used for advanced prostate cancer?

A

Cyrpoterone

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2
Q

What is the action of cyproterone?

A

Partial agonist at Progesterone receptor

Competes with dihydrotestosterone

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3
Q

What drug is used for breast cancer?

A

Tamoxifen

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4
Q

To which group of breast cancer pts would you give tamoxifen?

A

Those who are oestrogen receptor (ER) positive

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5
Q

What is the action of tamoxifen?

A

Inhibits oestrogen binding in breast tissue
Block oestrogen stimulated myoepithelial cell division
Causes cell to remain in G0/1

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6
Q

What are the side effects of tamoxifen?

A

Hot flushes and sweats
Increased DVT/PE risk
Weight gain
Increased endometrial cancer risk

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7
Q

what are the four groups of chemo agents?

A

Antimetabolites
Alkylating/platinating agents
Antibiotics
Microtubule inhibitors

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8
Q

Give examples of antimetabolites

A

Capecitabine
5-FU
Methotrexate

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9
Q

Give examples of alkylating/plantinating agents

A

Cis-platin
Cyclophosphamide
Chlorambucil

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10
Q

Give examples of chemo antibiotics?

A

Bleomycin (glycopeptide)

Epirubicin/doxorubicin (anthracyclines)

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11
Q

Give examples of microtubule inhibitors?

A

Vinca alkaloids- vincristine

Taxanes

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12
Q

What are the common side effects of chemo?

A 
Fatigue
NV
Hair loss (alopecia)
GI disturbances 
Altered taste
Mucositis 
Thrombocytopenia (lack of platelets)-bruising and bleeding 
Neutropenia- increased infection risk 
Acute renal failure- drug really cleared
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13
Q

Why does chemotherapy result in so many side effects?

A

Healthy tissue is being killed

Affects more rapidly dividing cell e.g. hair, skin, mucous membranes and GI tract

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14
Q

What is the action of alkylating agents?

A

Targets DNA synthesis in G1
Forms covalent bond with DNA
Disrupting structure and preventing replication

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15
Q

What is the overall effect of microtubule inhibitors?

A

Tubulin proteins are targeted in the mitotic phase
Chromosomes cant align and separate in synchrony
Prevents cell replication

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16
Q

What is the action of glycopeptide antibiotics in chemo?

A

Targets G2 phase
Attack phosphodiesterase bonds in DNA
Causes scissor of strands

17
Q

What is the action of anthracycline antibiotics in chemo?

A

Target DNA synthesis in S phase

Intercalates between base pairs and interferes with transcription and replication

18
Q

What is the main action of chemo antimetabolites?

A

Work to inhibit enzymes which synthesis and insert purines into the DNA
Prevents DNA replication

CPT (Milpa) (20 decks)

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