diabetes Flashcards
formin MOA
decreases hepatic glucose production + intestinal absorption of glucose, increase insulin sensitivity in muscles
formin BBW
lactic acidosis
formin ADEs
vitamin B deficiency, lactic acidosis
diabetes drugs with high A1C reduction
biguanides, sulfonylureas, GLP-1 agonists, thazolidinediones
diabetes drugs w/ hypoglycemia risk
sulfonylureas, meglitinides
diabetes drugs w/ weight gain
sulfonylureas, thiazolidinediones
most weight gain diabetes drug
tirzepatide (manjaro)
most well-tolerated diabetes drug
DPP-4 inhibitors
formin chemical class
biguanide
amide, ride, zide, gli, glu chemical class
sulfonylureas
sulfonylurea MOA
increase secretion of insulin in pancreatic B cells
diabetes highest hypoglycemia risk
glyburide
sulfonylurea disadvantage
B cell burnout
gliflozan chemical class
SGLT2 inhibitor
gliflozan MOA
decreased reabsorption of glucose, increase glucose excretion
gliflozan indications
HF
gliflozan disadvantages
UTIs
gliptin chemical class
DPP-4 inhibitor
gliptin MOA
increase incretins + insulin, decrease glucagon
gliptin ADEs
respiratory tract infection + nasopharyngitis, joint pain
gliflozan ADEs
genitourinary infections, necrotizing fascilis + ketoacidosis, amputation + bone fractures
gliflozan contraindications
renal disease
gliptin contraindications
pancreatitis, HF
tide chemical class
GLP-1 agonist
tide MOA
increase insulin + B cells, decrease glucagon + gastric emptying
tide indications
weight management (liraglutide, semiglutide)
tide contraindications
thyroid, endocrine neoplasm, pancreatitis
tide advantages
ASCVD protection
glitazone chemical class
thazolidinediones
glitazone MOA
activates PPAR, decrease insulin resistance
glitazone contraindications
class III-IV HF
glitazone ADEs
edema, increased risk of bladder cancer + fractures
glinide chemical class
meglitinides
glinide MOA
secrete insulin in pancreatic B cells
glinide ADEs
respiratory infection
acarbose, miglitol chemical class
a glucosidase inhibitors
acarbose, miglitol MOA
inhibits hydrolyzation of carbs, delays glucose absorption, decrease postprangial glucose
acarbose, miglitol contraindications
GI, ketoacidosis, cirrhosis