Developmental Psychology Flashcards
What is the difference between qualitative and quantitative theories of developmental change?
Qualitative developmental theories see development as discontinuous, with there being specific times of significant developmental growth and change. According to qualitative theorists, if you don’t master a stage-specific issue, you become at risk of future developmental failures. Quantitative theorists view development as continuous and gradual. The only difference between children and adult abilities is the amount of things they are able to do. There are no qualitative differences.
Bronfenbrenner’s Ecological Approach proposes which 5 systems?
Microsystem Mesosystem Exosystem Macrosystem Chronosystem
Which approach proposes the following 5 systems: Microsystem Mesosystem Exosystem Macrosystem Chronosystem
Bronfenbrenner’s Ecological Approach
Microsystem
Bidirectional relationships caused by everyday encounters
Mesosystem
Links between mesosystems
Exosystem
Relationship between a setting that influences a person in the microsystem
Macrosystem
Culture
Economy
Politics
Chronosystem
Passage of Time
What is the difference between a critical period and a sensitive period?
A critical period requires that something occur during that time, or it will never occur. A sensitive period is a time in which something will have the greatest impact if it occurs, but can still occur at other times.
How many pairs of chromosomes does everybody have?
23
How many pairs of autosomes does a person have?
22
Genotype
What exists in a person’s genes
Phenotype
The observable part of a person’s genes
What are some examples of autosomal abnormalities?
Down's Syndrome PKU Hemophilia Sickle Cell Anemia Klinefelter's Turner's Syndrome
Trisomy 21
Down’s Syndrome
Hemophilia occurs most commonly in which sex?
Males
Sickle Cell Anemia occurs most commonly in what group?
African Americans
Klinefelter’s
XXY
Only occurs in men
Turner’s Syndrome
XO
Only occurs in women
What are the 3 stages of pre-natal development?
Germinal Stage
Embryonic Period
Fetal Period
During which pre-natal stage is a child most vulnerable to teratogens?
Embryonic Period
What are some inborn reflexes?
Moro Reflex
Rooting Reflex
Babinski Reflex
Grasping Reflex
Which sense is least developed at birth?
Vision
At what age is a child most likely to begin standing independently?
11 months