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v.anat 123 > Development of Bodily Coelom > Flashcards

Development of Bodily Coelom Flashcards

1
Q

The coelom is formed by the splitting of the lateral mesoderm extending to the ____ and ____ but does not reach the level of the pharynx

A

thoracic and abdominal region

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2
Q

____ closes the coelom ventrally, except at the level of the ____

A

Lateral body folds

umbilicus

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3
Q

In the embryo, all regions of the intraembryonic coelom are continuous, the only partition is the ____ lying in a transverse plane between the sinus venosus and the liver

A

septum transversum

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4
Q

Dorsal to the septum transversum is the common ____ continuous with the peritoneal coelom

A

pleuropericardial cavity

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5
Q

Caudal growth of the ____ brings the lungs into the dorsal part of the pleuropericardial cavity near the level of the septum transversum and into cranial mediastinum

A

laryngotracheal groove

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6
Q

refers to any median partition commonly used in reference to the thoracic cavity

A

Mediastinum

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7
Q

Formation of the pericardial cavity and its separation from the pleural cavity is iniated by the ____ which grow medially and fuse
with the mediastinum ventral to the esophagus forming the pleuropericardial septum Pleural and pericardial cavities then formed

A

pleuropericardial folds

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8
Q

The diaphragm is composed of
two components:

A

septum transversum

caudal mediastinum sometimes called
dorsal mesentery

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9
Q

*DIAPHRAGM

(forms early during heart formation) that forms the central tendinous part of the diaphragm

A

septum transversum

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10
Q

*DIAPHRAGM

____ thru which the esophagus and caudal vena cava pass

A

caudal mediastinum (dorsal mesentery)

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11
Q

*DIAPHRAGM

Expansion of the ____ dorsoventrally causes
the roof of the pleural cavities to elevate on either side

A

caudal medistinum

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12
Q

*DIAPHRAGM

Final closure of the cavities is thru the growth of the ____ projecting the peritoneal cavity

A

pleuroperitoneal folds

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13
Q

*CLOACA

The ____ portion of the hindgut gives rise to the aboral portion of the transverse colon and the descending colon.

A

oral

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14
Q

*CLOACA

The more ____ portion of the hindgut gives rise to the rectum, and to the allantois and its derivatives.

A

aboral

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15
Q

The hindgut terminates in the ____, a caudal cavity lined by endoderm and sealed from the amniotic cavity by the ____ which is lined by endoderm and covered by ectoderm on the outside.

A

cloaca

cloacal membrane

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16
Q

*CLOACA

A layer of mesoderm that separates the allantoic duct and the hindgut.

A

URORECTAL SEPTUM

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17
Q

*URORECTAL SEPTUM

Divides the cloacal membrane into an ____ dorsally and a ____ ventrally.

A

anal membrane

urogenital membrane

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18
Q
  • Continuous with the hindgut
  • Becomes the rectum and most of the anal canal.
A

Dorsal chamber (of urorectal septum)

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19
Q
  • The urogenital sinus
  • Continuous with the allantois.
  • Develops into the perineal body.
A

Ventral chamber (of urorectal septum)

20
Q

Tissue surrounding the anal membrane grows caudally creating a depression called the ____.

A

proctodeum

21
Q
  • When the anal membrane degenerates, the proctodeum becomes incorporated into the anal canal.
  • In carnivores, lateral diverticula of proctodeum ectoderm become ____.
A

anal sacs

22
Q

Which mesentery?

fates: Greater omentum,
mesoduodenum,
mesentery (mesojejunum mesoileum),
mesocolon,
mesorectum

A

Dorsal mesentery

23
Q

Which mesentery?

fates: Lesser omentum,
coronary,
falciform ligaments of the liver,
median ligament of the urinary bladder

A

ventral mesentery

24
Q

Results from the lack of fusion of the
maxillary and medial nasal prominences
during embryonic development.

A

CHEILOSCHESIS (CLEFT LIP)

25
Q

Result from partial or complete failure of apposition and fusion of the palate processes resulting in an open connection
between oral and nasal cavities.

A

PALATOSCHISIS
(CLEFT PALATE)

26
Q

Complete absence of the lower jaw

A

MANDIBULAR AGNATHIA

27
Q
  • Short lower jaw or overshot or parrot mouth in horses
  • The mandible is shorter than the maxilla.
A

MANDIBULAR BRACHYGNATHIA

28
Q
  • Prognathia or undershot in horses
  • The mandible is longer than the maxilla.
A

MAXILLARY BRACHYGNATHIA

29
Q
  • The tongue is incomplete or abnormally
    developed.
  • ‘Bird tongue’ in dogs and may be a
    component of the fading puppy syndrome.
A

ANKYLOGLOSSIA

30
Q
  • Enlargement of the tongue
  • Seen in Belted Galloway cattle but is rarely clinically significant
A

MACROGLOSSIA

31
Q

Abnormally small tongue

A

MICROGLOSSIA

32
Q
  • Complete absence of teeth
  • Results from disturbances in the interaction between the dental lamina and neural crest mesenchyme.
A

ANODONTIA

33
Q

*Teeth abnormality

  • Within the jawbone
A

EXTRA TEETH (SUPERNUMERARY TEETH)

34
Q

*Teeth abnormality

In other areas of the head

A

HETEROTOPIC POLYDONTIA

35
Q

*Teeth abnormality

  • Administration of tetracyclines to pregnant females or to puppies younger than 6 months old.
A

ENAMEL DISCOLOURATION

36
Q
  • Abnormal narrowing or stricture of a portion of the digestive tract
  • Observed more frequently in the small
    intestine than elsewhere in the tract
A

STENOSIS

37
Q
  • Lack of epithelial canalization and gut wall development
  • Results in feed impaction and death if
    surgical intervention cannot be made.
A

ATRESIA OF THE JEJUNUM, ILEUM, COLON, RECTUM

38
Q
  • Esophageal dilation which sometimes occurs in dogs and cats
A

CONGENITAL MEGAESOPHAGUS

39
Q
  • Failure of the cricopharyngeus muscle to relax during swallowing
A

CRICOPHARYNGEAL ACHALASIA

40
Q
  • An appendix-like remnant of the yolk stalk.
  • Persistence, inflammation, and rupture of this structure results in colic, with peritonitis.
A

MECKEL’S DIVERTICULUM

41
Q
  • Dilatation of the colon which occurs cranial to a contracted aganglionic segment of the intestine.
  • Uncommon condition described in pigs and dogs.
A

MEGACOLON
(HIRSCHSPRUNG’S DISEASE)

42
Q
  • Results from lack of involution of the cloacal membrane
  • Leads to fatal feed impaction.
A

IMPERFORATE ANUS

43
Q
  • Condition in which the rectum and the
    urogenital tract communicate openly
  • Results from an abnormality in the development of the urorectal septum that permits communication between the rectum and a derivative of the urogenital sinus
  • Termed recto-vesicular, recto-urethral, recto- vaginal or recto-vestibular
A

URORECTAL FISTULA

44
Q

A condition in which both the thoracic and abdominal organs are transferred to the side opposite to that in which they are normally located.

A

SITUS INVERSUS

45
Q

The intestinal loops fail to return to the abdominal cavity from the umbilical sac and protrude through an enlarged umbilical ring

A

OMPHALOCOELE

46
Q
  • Loops of intestine protrude through the abdominal wall and occupy a subcutaneous position.
  • Occurs more commonly in pigs than in other domestic animals
A

CONGENITAL UMBILICAL HERNIA

v.anat 123 (12 decks)

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