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v.anat 123 > Comparative Implantation and Placentation > Flashcards

Comparative Implantation and Placentation Flashcards

1
Q

-process in which a developing embryo,
moving as a blastocyst through a uterus,
makes contact with the uterine wall and
remains attached to it until birth.

A

IMPLANTATION

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2
Q

STAGES OF IMPLANTATION

A

a. Hatching
b. Apposition
c. Adhesion
d.Invasion

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3
Q
  • the blastocyst sheds its zona pellucida.
  • aid of endometrial secretions
A

Hatching

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4
Q

blastocyst contacts the implantation site of the endometrium.

A

Apposition

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5
Q

trophoblast cells of the blastocyst attach to the receptive endometrial epithelium.

A

Adhesion

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6
Q
  • invasive trophoblast cells cross the
    endometrial epithelial basement
    membrane and invade the endometrial stroma
  • humans and guinea pigs
A

Invasion

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7
Q

3 well-developed, mummified, and mineralized fetuses loosely attached to the omentum.

A

ABDOMINAL PREGNANCY

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8
Q

Membranous structure formed by apposition of the fetal chorioallantoic membrane and the maternal endometrium (decidua).

A

PLACENTA

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9
Q

*Parts of the Placenta

Fetal part= ______
- connects with the embryo through the umbilical cord.

A

chorion

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10
Q

*Parts of the Placenta

Maternal part= __________
- endometrium of maternal uterus

A

endometrium

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11
Q

Basic types of placenta

A

Choriovitelline/yolk sac placenta

Chorioallantoic placenta

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12
Q

when the fused vascular choriovitelline membranes become attached to the endometrium common in marsupials.

A

Choriovitelline/yolk sac placenta

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13
Q

chorioallantoic membrane becomes attached to the endometrium. definitive form of placentation in higher mammals.
it may be preceded by and co‐exist with a temporary choriovitelline placenta.

A

Chorioallantoic placenta

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14
Q

CLASSIFICATIONOF CHORIOALLANTOIC PLACENTATION

A

Diffuse
Cotyledonary
Zonary- complete/incomplete
Discoidal- single or double

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15
Q

Villi are distributed throughout the chorionic vesicle except the undilated ends.

Horse and pigs
Equine placenta- microcotyledonary (diffuse distribution of microplacentomes).

A

DIFFUSE PLACENTA

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16
Q

Villi form tiny oval or round areas called cotyledons all over the external surface of the chorionic vesicle, except the undilated ends.
Cotyledons attach to specific areas, caruncles, in the lining of the uterus.
A cotyledon and caruncle attached to it combine to form the placentome.

A

COTYLEDONARY PLACENTA

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17
Q

discrete area of interdigitation between a maternal caruncle and a
fetal cotyledon.

A

Placentome-

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18
Q

___: placentas consist of rows of relatively large placentomes

A

ruminant

19
Q

Villi are concentrated in a wide zone that forms a belt around the chorionic vesicle.
Comple or incomplete.

A

ZONARY PLACENTA

20
Q

*Zonary placenta

has a belt of villi surrounding the entire chorionic vesicle.
-Dogs and cats.

A

Complete zonary placenta

21
Q

*Zonary placenta

has a belt of villi surrounding the entire chorionic vesicle.
- Bear, skunk, mink, weasel, ferret and raccoon.

A

Incomplete zonary placenta

22
Q

Villi are concentrated in oval-shaped disks.

Single or double.

A

DISCOID PLACENTA

23
Q

*Discoid placenta

has one disk located at one end of the chorionic vesicle
- Humans and rodents.

A

Single discoid placenta

24
Q

*Discoid placenta

has two disks, each located on each side of the chorionic vesicle.
- Monkeys.

A

Double discoid placenta

25
Q

*HISTOLOGICAL CLASSIFICATION OF PLACENTA

The trophoblast or chorionic epithelium and uterine epithelium remain in close contact but both retain their original layer eg. marsupials ,ungulates (pig & horses) & lemur.

A

Epithelio-chorial

26
Q

*HISTOLOGICAL CLASSIFICATION OF PLACENTA

Chorionic villi erode the uterine wall, so that the uterine epithelium is ruptured and the chorionic villi comes in contact with the connective tissue of the uterine wall eg. sheep & cow (ruminants).

A

Syndesmo-chorial

27
Q

*HISTOLOGICAL CLASSIFICATION OF PLACENTA

Both uterine epithelium and connective tissue is
eroded so that the chorionic villi comes in contact with endothelium of maternal blood vessel eg. dogs ,cats & other carnivores.

A

Endothelio-chorial

28
Q

*HISTOLOGICAL CLASSIFICATION OF PLACENTA

Uterine epithelium , connective tissue and
endothelium all are eroded and the chorionic villi baths in the maternal blood eg. human.

A

Haemo-chorial

29
Q

*HISTOLOGICAL CLASSIFICATION OF PLACENTA

Foetal capillaries lie freely in maternal blood eg. Rabbit.

A

Haemo-endothelial

30
Q

uterine endometrium is sloughed off
during parturition.
- Carnivores, primates, humans,rodents.
- Ruminants: partially deciduate

A

Deciduate placenta

31
Q

uterine endometrium remains intact
during parturition.
-Horse and pig.

A

Acediuate placenta-

32
Q

*PLACENTAL HAEMOPHAGOUS ORGANS

the nutritional material supplied to the embryo from the circulating maternal blood.

A

Haemotrophe

33
Q

*PLACENTAL HAEMOPHAGOUS ORGANS

products absorbed by the embryo from the endometrium.

A

Histotrophe

34
Q

mild sedative to pregnant women caused severe developmental limb defects in humans.

A

Thalidomide-

35
Q

Villi are distributed throughout the chorionic vesicle except the undilated ends.
Horse and pigs

A

DIFFUSE PLACENTA

36
Q

-blastocyst burrows through the uterine epithelium to the uterine stroma where the embryo develops.

  • primates and guinea pigs
A

Interstitial

37
Q

implantation occurs at a site opposite to the attachment of the mesometrium.

A

Anti-mesometrial

38
Q

involves the blastocyst becoming lodged in a uterine cleft with proliferation of the surrounding uterine mucosa.

rodents

A

Eccentric

39
Q

In horses, cattle, sheep, pigs, dogs, cats and rabbits, fluid‐filled sacs surrounding the embryo expand so that the extra embryonic membranes become apposed to the endometrium and attach to it.

Most common form of attachment in mammals.

A

Centric/Superficial

40
Q
  • This accessory organ to the placenta grows, regresses and almost disappears as gestation approaches.
  • Also called as hematomata, haemophagous organs, green/brown border.
A

PLACENTAL HAEMOPHAGOUS ORGANS

41
Q

Multi-lobular structure is consisting of two relatively ____ and several smaller lobes.
All of the lobes are ____, and the larger lobes bind and extend from the ____ to the back of the embryo at the end of gestation.

A

large lobes

round

allantoic cavity

42
Q

In the first half the hemophagous organ is a ____ structure, followed by an expanded and bulbous

These blood‐filled spaces are considered to be a source of ____ for the fetus.

A

tubular

iron

43
Q

In dogs, haemophagous organs, which have a characteristic ____ appearance, are
present along the margins of the zone of attachment.
Smaller central haemophagous organs may also be present.

A

green

44
Q

In cats, haemophagous organs, which have a ____ appearance, occur irregularly in the zonary area.

A

brown

v.anat 123 (12 decks)

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