Development of Behaviour

Question 1

What instinctive behaviour

Answer 1

Genetically inherited behaviours that do not require learning and no developmental plasticity

Question 2

How do European eels show learnt behaviour

Answer 2

Parents birth juveniles in Sargasso Sea and die
Juveniles make it home without parents
Must be encoded in genes

Question 3

Explain the 90 min baby experiment

Answer 3

90 min year old babies shown face, config, linear and inverse

All respond to face and some to config
None response to linear or inverse

Shows babies have innate knowledge of human face

Question 4

What does he alpha calcium calmodulin kinase gene do

Answer 4

Effect learning in mice

Question 5

Which gene effects learning in mice

Answer 5

Alpha calcium calmodulin kinase

Question 6

What gene effect circadian rhythms in Drosphila

Answer 6

Per gene

Question 7

What gene affects maternal behaviour in mice

Answer 7

FosB gene

Question 8

Explain the displaced pups experiments

Answer 8

Pups displaced in a line from mother

Normal mouse with normal fosB gene collected pups

Mutant mouse with mutant fosB gene left pups to die

Question 9

What does the hTAS2R38 gene determine

Answer 9

Bitterness perception of glucosinolates

Question 10

Explain results from the glucosinolates bitterness test

Answer 10

PAV/PAV sensitive - 60% more bitter than insensitive
AVI/AVI insensitive
PAV/AVI intermediate

Question 11

Explain the snake test

Answer 11

Coastal garter snakes eat slugs
Inland garter snakes eat frogs

None of the subjects had eaten slugs before

Coastal subjects are slugs
Inland subjects rejected slugs

Shows is innate behaviour, not learnt

Question 12

What do bees do age 0-5 days

Answer 12

Clean cells

Question 13

What do bees do age 0-15

Answer 13

Feed larvae

Question 14

What do bees do age 0-20

Answer 14

Feed nestmates

Question 15

What do bees do age 10-20

Answer 15

Pack pollen

Question 16

What do bees do age 10-25

Answer 16

Forage

Question 17

What is the honey bee foraging gene

Answer 17

Amfor

Question 18

How have experiments proven songs in birds are innate

Answer 18

Birds have been reared in acoustic isolation but still have a template for their song

Question 19

What do make song sparrows learn in their first three months

Answer 19

The dialect of the population they’re in

If the bird is moved to a new population within those three months, it will pick up the new dialect

Question 20

Which way do western blackcaps orientate

Answer 20

South west

Question 21

Which way to eastern blackcaps orientate

Answer 21

South east

Question 22

Which way do hybrid blackcaps orientate

Answer 22

South

Question 23

How do scientists know which way blackcaps orientate

Answer 23

They put them in a cone covered in soot. The birds would scratch off the soot when trying to escape . The soot was scratched off in the direction they orientate

Question 24

How do hybrid redstart probe migration time is genetic

Answer 24

Black redstarts leave late as don’t have far to travel
Common redstarts leave early as they have far to travel
Hybrid redstarts leave inbetween these time regardless of location

Question 25

Is migratory behaviour modified with experience

Answer 25

Yes

Question 26

How do migrating starlings probe migration can be adapted based on experience

Answer 26

When the starlings left their breeding grounds, some were sent to Switzerland by scientists rather than left to go to UK. The experienced starlings turned around and went back to the UK where as the juveniles carried on to Spain as they knew they had to go SW but didn’t know where as they hadn’t been there before

Question 27

What is gene environment

Answer 27

Everything in the environment that affects that gene

Question 28

What environmental factors effect genes

Answer 28

Other genes in genome
Cellular environment
Physiology of individual
Environment of individual

Question 29

Explain the ornament bird experiment

Answer 29

When both parents were ornamented or just the father was, the female offspring preferred to mate with ornamented makes

When just the female was ornamented or neither parent, the female offspring didn’t have a preference when mating